neurodegenerative diseases

Question 1

parkinsons

Answer 1

muscle rigidity,bradykinesia,tremors
imbalanced ach/dopa
mutual inhibitory pathway disabled due to deletion of dopaminergic neurons in substantial migration

Question 2

pseudoparkinsonism

Answer 2

PHENOTHIAZINE

HALOPERIDOL by blocking dopaminergic neurons

Question 3

drugs in Parkinson treatment

Answer 3

LEVODOPA AND CARBIDOPA
SELEGINLINE AND RASAGILINE
ENTACAPONE AND TOLCAPONE
BROMOMCRIPTINE
APOMORPHINE PRAMIPEXOLE ROPINEROLE ROTIGOTINE
AMANTIDINE
ANTIMUSCARINIC(TRIHEXYLPHENIDYL,BENZOTRIPINE,PROCYCLIDINE)

Question 4

LEVODOPA AND CARBIDOPA

Answer 4

enhance synthesis of dopamine and dopamine decarboxylase inhibitor respectively(inc COMT)
cardiac arrhythmia common(TACHY AND VENTRICULAR EXTRASYSTOLES WITH HYPOTENSION)
levo short half life ON OFF PHENOMENA(MOTOR FLUCTUATIONS)
MOOD CHANGES DEPRESSION (ACUTE PSYCHOSIS)
B6 increases levodopa breakdown

Question 5

phenelzine and levodopa

Answer 5

HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS
s a severe increase in blood pressure that can lead to a stroke. Extremely high blood pressure 180 or higher (diastolic pressure) can damage blood vessels.

Question 6

SELEGILINE AND RASAGILINE(DEPRENYL/irreversible)

Answer 6

INHIBIT MAO TYPE B(only dopa)

metabolized to mephetamine and amphetamine producing insomnia

Question 7

entacapone

Answer 7

inhibit COMT inc by levodopa

no toxicity

Question 8

tolacapone

Answer 8

inhibit COMT

hepatic necrosis, dyskinesia,sleep disorders

Question 9

bromocriptine

Answer 9

ergot derivative
dopamine agonist
could cause pulmonary and retroperitoneal fibrosis
mental condition gets worse

Question 10

apomorphine

Answer 10

dopa agonist

acute management of hypomobility off in extreme parkinsons

Question 11

ROTIGOTINE

Answer 11

TRANSDERMAL PATCH DOPA AGONIST

alleviate motor deficits in advance Parkinsonism

Question 12

cimetidine

Answer 12

DOPA AGONIST

inhibit renal tubular secretion of organic bases inc half life of pramipexole

Question 13

AMANTIDINE

Answer 13

antiviral drug
inhibit NMDA,inc DOPA,ANTICHOLINERGIC
INDUCE ACTUTE TOXIC PSYCHOSIS
antiparkinsonian

Question 14

benztropine
trihexylphenidyl
biperiden
procyclidine

Answer 14

anticholinergics and antiparkinsonian correcting imbalance

Question 15

alzeihmers

Answer 15

beta amyloid accumulations
loss of cholinergic neurons
numerous neurofibilary tangles

Question 16

treat alzeihmers

Answer 16

ACHE inhibitors(donepizil galantamine rivastigmine)
nmda receptor antagonist as they cause apoptosis by increasing Ca MEMANTINE

Question 17

MEMANTINE

Answer 17

anti alzeihmers
NMDA antagonist
in combination with ACHE

Question 18

M.S drugs acute

Answer 18

dexamethasone
prednisone
cyclophosphamide and azathioprine (chemo)

Question 19

M.S dec relapse drugs

Answer 19

IFN BETA 1A/1B
GLATIRAMER
FINGOLIMOD
TERIFLUNOMIDE
DIMETHYL FUMARATE
NATALIZUMAB
MITOXANTRONE

Question 20

INF 1A/1B

Answer 20

treat M.S diminish inflammation avoiding demyelination

hepatic enzymes increase

Question 21

glatiramer

Answer 21

resemble myelin
treat M.S
decoys t-cell attack

Question 22

teriflunomide

Answer 22

treat M.S LOWERS LYMPHOCYTES
ELEVATE LIVER ENZYMES
NOT IN PREGNANCY

Question 23

FINGOLIMOD

Answer 23

alter Lympho migration
treat M.S
first dose bradycardia
macular edema

Question 24

dimethyl fumarate

Answer 24

alter cell to fit rod attack

treat m.s

Question 25

natalizumab

Answer 25

monoclonal antibody

treat m.s when first line treatment fails

Question 26

MITOXANTRONE

Answer 26

KILLS T-CELLS TREAT M.S

CYTOTOXIC ANTHRACYCLINE

Question 27

TREAT M.S SYMPTOMATIC

Answer 27

dalfampridine potassium channel blocker

improve walking spatsticutu cimstipation depression

Question 28

als treatment

Answer 28

NMDA ANTAGONIST

RILUZOLE