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Anthropology of the Human Face > Neurocranium > Flashcards

Neurocranium Flashcards

1
Q

frontal

A

front most bone of the neurocranium

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2
Q

surpaorbital notch/foramen

A

notch/hole in eyebrow bone

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3
Q

supercilliary arches

A

eyebrow arches bone

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4
Q

lacrimal fossa

A

indentation inside the orbital for the lacrimal gland duct

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5
Q

supraorbital nerve

A

goes through supraorbital notch

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6
Q

ethmoid notch

A

for olfatory nerves to smell

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7
Q

function of the frontal

A

forms the anterior cranial fossa to support and protect the frontal lobe

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8
Q

frontal is _____ type of bone

A

dermal bone

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9
Q

development of frontal

A

develops in utero to from 2 separate ossification centers,

divided by metopic suture

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10
Q

metopic suture

A

between to sides of the frontal

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11
Q

portions of frontal

A

squamous, orbital and nasal

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12
Q

parietal

A

a pared bone that articulates at the sagittal suture

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13
Q

temporal lines

A

for the temporalis muscle (for chewing)

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14
Q

middle meningeal arteries

A

attaches to the inside of the parietals and has a groove in which it sits

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15
Q

sagittal sinus

A

see diagram

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16
Q

parietal eminence

A

only present in adults but origianally an ossification center from which each parietal (dermal bone) develops in utero

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17
Q

occipital

A

back of skull; both dermal and endochondral; single midline bone

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18
Q

foramen magnum

A

large hole in center of occipital

19
Q

hypoglossal canal

A

comes from foramen magnum and goes under occipital condyle

20
Q

occipital condyle

A

has 2 pieces (1 on each side and is anterior to the foramen magnum)

21
Q

jugular foramen

A

largeish holes lateral to the foramen magnum

22
Q

function of occipital

A

forms the posterior cranial fossa and protects the cerbellum (visual info prcessed there)

23
Q

devel of the occipital

A

four portions:
1-basilar part
2-lateral parts (2 of them)
3- central squamous portion
4- lateral squamous portions
3&4 are dermal from a single ossification center
1 and 2 are endochondral (cartilage that calcifies)

24
Q

foramen magnum placement

A

in center in humans because were bipedal

25
Q

temporal

A

paired bone at side that includes ear area and cheekbone

26
Q

zygomatic arch

A

cheekbone

27
Q

mastoid process

A

attaches to mastoid area posterior to auditory meati

28
Q

glenoid fossa

A

holds mandible in place

29
Q

carotid canal

A

area/hold that ineranl carotid artery goes through that is lateral to foramen magnum

30
Q

ear ossicles

A

stapes, incus and malleus

malleus attaches to ear drum while stapes is deeper and attaches to inner ear. incus is right between

31
Q

devel. of temporal

A

squamous portion is dermal, petorus and mastoid portions are endochondral, styloid process and ear ossicles come from branchial arches

32
Q

sagittal suture

A

between 2 parietal bones; separates left from right

33
Q

coronal suture

A

separates frontal from parietals; separates front from back

34
Q

labdoid suture

A

shaped like lambda, separates parietals from occipital

35
Q

metopic suture

A

ususally not present in adults but separates frontals/is where they articulate

36
Q

squamosal sutures

A

separates temporal from parietal

37
Q

dermal bones made from what…?

A

mesenchyme

38
Q

endochondral bones made from…?

A

cartilage

39
Q

why are sutures present?

A

they are joints that allow for growth via bone deposition at their edges; deposition is in response to forces exerted by growing brain

40
Q

fontanelles

A

soft spots

membranous gaps between growing cranial bones

41
Q

important fontanelles

A

anterior fontanel (last to close over)
sphenoid fontanel
mastoid fontanel
posterior fontanel

42
Q

sinuses

A

cavities within certain bones around the nasal cavity that are lines with mucous membranes

43
Q

how are sinuses formed

A

through excavation of bone by air-filled sacs from the nasal cavity

44
Q

craniosynostosis

A

premature sutural fusion; brain continues to grow and therefore deforms the skull

Anthropology of the Human Face (8 decks)

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