Neurocognitive Disorders

Question 1

Neurocognitive Disorders

Answer 1

• Delirium
• Major Neurocognitive Disorder (dementia- decreased mental function and loss of ability to do daily tasks)
• Mild Neurocognitive Disorder
• Major or Mild Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder
• Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Traumatic Brain Injury
• Major or Mild Frontotemporal Neurocognitive Disorder

Question 2

Problems in Dementia

Answer 2

• Cognitive and functional abilities
• Personality and emotional changes
• Behaviour
• Physical abilities

Question 3

Dementia

Answer 3

Dementia—a grouping of conditions characterized by gradual decline in cognitive ability

• Alzheimer’s Disease
• Multi-infarct Dementia
• Frontal Dementias

Question 4

Caregiver burden

Answer 4

• Emotional
• Physical
• Financial
• Employment

Caregivers are at greater risk of chronic health and mental health problems

Question 5

The Problem of Pain in Dementia

Answer 5

• Pain is subjective and its assessment relies on self-report
• People with severe dementia have compromised ability to report pain
• Pain is undertreated in this population
• Pain can be assessed through systematic observation of specific behaviours

Question 6

Pain Behaviour Measurement (PBM)

Answer 6

Guarding
Bracing
Grimacing
Sighing
Rubbing affected area

Question 7

FACS vs PBM

Answer 7

Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Useful for clinical trials and other research (especially research involving seniors with dementia)
Labour intensive and not likely to be useful in busy clinical settings

Pain Behaviour Measurement (PBM)
Excellent potential for research applications
Somewhat resource intensive