Neurobiology over the Lifespan Flashcards
Zygote
-fertilized egg
-0-6 days old
Embryo
-developing human
-6 days - 10 weeks old
Fetus
-developing human
- 10 weeks old+
Ectoderm
-outer layer of embryo
-becomes the nervous system and skin
Neural groove
-forms between the neural crests of the ectoderm at the head end of the embryo
Neural tube
forms from the neural ridges as the crests come together
Notochord
-releases growth factors in the endoderm and ectoderm
Cell Adhesion Molecules
proteins on the cell surface that guide cell migration and axonal pathfinding
Stem cells
-undifferentiated cells that can divide and create daughter cells that have their own function
Cell-autonomous
independent of other cells and driven by genes and intrinsic organization
Neural environment
-cells that are affected by the influence of other cells through induction
Process outgrowth
the extensive growth of axons and dendrites
Synaptogenesis
proliferation of synapses
Caspases
-a family of proteases that cut up proteins and DNA, which then kills the cell
Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs)
-proteins that inhibit caspases
