Neuroanatomy Terminology Flashcards
Coronal
Face-on view
Sagittal
Side-on view, divided down the centre
Axial (transverse)
Top-down view
Ventral
Front
Dorsal
Back
Cranial
Towards the head
Caudal
Towards the tail
Rostral
Towards the beak
Primary divisions of the brain
Prosencephalon (forebrain)
Mesencephalon (midbrain)
Rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
Subdivisions of the brain
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
Modern terms of the brain regions
Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Midbrain
Pons and cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
What are the subdivisions of the prosencephalon
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
What is the modern term for the telencephalon
Cerebrum
What is the modern term for the Metencephalon
Pons and cerebellum
What is the modern term for the Myelencephalon
Medulla oblongata
What is the modern term for the mesencephalon
Midbrain
Subdivisions of the rhombencephalon
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
What is the modern term for the Diencephalon
Diencephalon
White matter
Myelinated Nerve cell axons
Why does white matter appear white
Presence of myelin sheath
Grey matter
Primarily nerve cell bodies, including their nuclei, but also consists of other nervous system cells, eg astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, unmyelinated axons
Location of grey matter in the cerebrum
Outer surface
Deep in the brain- large groups of nuclei
Location of white matter in the cerebrum
Deeper parts, below grey matter
Location of grey matter in the spinal cord
H-shape in centre of spinal cord
Location of white matter in the spinal cord
Outer parts surrounding inner H shape of grey matter
Cortex
Outer part of cerebrum and cerebellum
What is the cortex mainly composed of
Grey matter
Tract
A pathway of nerve fibres
Nucleus
Groups of functionally similar or anatomically related nerve cells
Foramen
An opening, hole or passage
Fossa
An indentation or shallow depression
