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Nurs 5225 Psychopharmacology APRN/MHN > Neuroanatomy Refresher > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Refresher Flashcards

1
Q

Brainstem

A
  • Autonomic processes

* Sends information to PNS

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2
Q

Cerebellum

A
  • Balance
  • Muscle coordination
  • Posture
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3
Q

Cerebrum

A
  • Sensory perception
  • Information processing
  • Memory and Learning
  • Decision-Making
  • Emotions

two hemispheres, higher functions and fine movements. Fills most of the upper part of the skull. Talk, think, read

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4
Q

Midbrain

A

allows messages to be relayed for sight and hearing

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5
Q

Medulla oblongota

A

connects brain to spinal cord. controls breathing, HR, vomiting

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6
Q

cerebral cortex

A

surface grey matter. White matter is under the service.

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7
Q

Cerebrum divided into what and what

A

• Two hemispheres connected by corpus callosum

  • Four lobes
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Occipital
  • Temporal
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8
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

behavior and emotions. Personality. Planning, problem solving, judgement. Executive functions. Intelligence, concentration, awareness.

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9
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Language, words, sensory, touch, pain, temperature, interpret signals we get from seeing, touching, hearing etc.

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10
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Vision. Color, light, Movement

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11
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Interprets language. Contains Wernicke’s area

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12
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

in temporal lobe, written sand spoken language comprehension

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13
Q

Broca’s area

A

Frontal lobe. Muscles of speech

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14
Q

Diencephalon holds the

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

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15
Q

Thalamus

A

small structure, near brainstem, has extensive nerve connection to cerebral cortex and midbrain. Relays motor and sponsor signals to cerebral cortex.

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16
Q

Hypothalamus is important for

A

appetitive, sleep, regulating body temp, regulating emotions and BP. Also plays in important role in relapsing hormones.

17
Q

Pituitary gland

A

attached to hypothalamus and receives messages from it and pituitary gland releases hormones. Part of the endocrine system.

18
Q

Amygdala and Hippocampus are part of the

A

limbic system. the part of the brain that is involved in our behaviors that are needed for survival. Behavioral and emotional response. Feeding, reproduction, caring for our young. Flight or fight.

19
Q

Amygdala

A
  • Fear, “Fight or flight”
  • Emotional responses
  • Memory
  • Hormonal secretions
20
Q

Hippocampus

A
  • Memory
  • Learning
  • Spatial awareness
21
Q

Ventricles and

Cerebrospinal fluid

A
  • Network of cavities in the brain.
  • 4 Ventricles
  • CSF protects and suspends the brain
  • Removes waste and toxins
  • Regulates nutrients and neurochemicals
22
Q

Meninges

A 
Protect central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
• 3 membrane layers
• Dura –outer layer
• Arachnoid- middle layer
• Pia- Inner layer
23
Q

Grey Matter

A

neuron cell bodies and synapses.

24
Q

White Matter

A

long neuronal bodies covered by a fatty sheath called myelin. Insulates the axons

25
Q

Neruotransmission

A

Released at the axon terminal on the presynaptic dendrite then bind to the receptors of the post synaptic neuron.

Synthesis of neurotransmitters can occur in the cell body, axon, or axon terminal. They are stored in granules or vesicles in axon terminal.

When calcium enters the axon terminal and causes an action potential and releases neurotransmitters into synaptic cleft. They then bind to the post synaptic membrane and cause activation.

Neurotransmitter is then deactivated either by enzymatic breakdown or by reuptake.

26
Q

Monoamines

A

Serotonin
Norepinephrine
Dopamine

27
Q

Serotonin

A

Regulation of mood, sleep, anxiety, appetite, NV

28
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Fight or flight, blood pressure, alertness, energy

29
Q

Dopamine

A

Reward system, addiction, feel good chemical

30
Q

Acetylcholine

A

motor neurons, muscle moment, memory and learning.

Acetylcholine and dopamine have a reciprocal relationship.

31
Q

Glutamate and Gaba

A

are opposite

32
Q

Glutamate

A

excitatory functions, memory and learning. too much will cause cellular death.

33
Q

Gaba is

A

inhibitory. Important roll in anxiety.

Nurs 5225 Psychopharmacology APRN/MHN (7 decks)

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