neuroanatomy pt2 Flashcards
excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
- increases the likelihood that the post synaptic neuron will fire an action potential (AP)
- decreases membrane potential
- depolarize the membrane
inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)
- decreases the likelihood that the postsynaptic neuron will fire an action potential (AP)
- increases membrane potential
- hyperpolarize
EPSP/IPSP vs AP
EPSP/IPSP:
- graded (vary in sizes)
- decremental (gets smaller as it travels across the neurone)
- rapid
AP:
- not graded (“all or nothing” - one size)
- not decremental (stays the same as it travels)
- less rapid than psps.
central fissure
divides frontal and parietal lobes
lateral fissure
divides frontal and temporal lobes
the insula
- deep in the lateral fissure
- mini cortex under the contex
- has multiple roles (mainly in sensory and emotions like disgust/anger)
parts of the basal ganglia
- 2 divisions –> striatum and globus pallidus
- striatum = caudate + putamen
nucleus accumbens (ventral striatum)
fancy way of saying bottom of striatum
- role in motivation and addiction
cortical layers
4 = input layer
#5 = output layer
cerebal blood flow
- constant supply of oxygen + glucose
- 4 arteries
- two internal carotid arteries (left & right)
- two vertebral arteries
- without blood we will die because we can’t produce ATP and our brain does not have any other source/reserve of energy.
skull & meninges
1) duramatter (outermost meninges)
2) arachnoid matter (middle meninges)
3) Pia matter (last layer)
- CSF between arachnoid and Pia matter
duramatter
- very durable
- thick and tough
- means tough mother in latin
arachnoid matter
- very hard to spot
- spider web like texture
pia matter
- very thin
- translucent layer
- final membrane
CSF flow
1) lateral ventricles (produced here)
2) third ventricle
3) cerebal aqueduct
4) fourth ventricle
- some CSF goes around the brain and the rest goes to the spinal cord and exits into body
