Neuroanatomy Primer Flashcards

1
Q

Medulla

A

Controls vital reflexes

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2
Q

Pons

A

Mediates arousal and readiness of other parts
of the brain

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3
Q

Cerebellum

A

Regulates motor function, balance,
coordination

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4
Q

Substantia nigra

A

gives rise to the dopamine-
containing pathway facilitating readiness for
movement

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5
Q

Forebrain

A

Consists of the outer cerebral cortex and

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6
Q

What does the forebrain do?

A

receives sensory information
and controls motor movement from the
opposite side of body

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7
Q

What are the subcortical structures of the forebrain?

A

thalamus and basal ganglia

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8
Q

Thalamus

A

relay station from the sensory
organs and main source of input to the
cortex

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9
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

important for certain
aspects of movement

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10
Q

What is the limbic system?

A

it consists of a number of
other interlinked structures that form a border
around the brainstem

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11
Q

What is the function of the limbic system?

A

associated with motivation, emotion, drives
and aggression

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12
Q

Where is the hypothalamus located?

A

small area near the base of the brain

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13
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

conveys messages to the pituitary gland to
alter the release of hormones

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14
Q

What is the function of the hippocampus?

A

critical for consolidating long-term memory

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15
Q

What does the cerebral cortex consist of?

A

consists of
the cellular layers on the outer surface of the
cerebral hemispheres

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16
Q

What is the cerebral cortex joined by?

A

joined by two bundles of axons called the
corpus callosum and the anterior
commissure

17
Q

What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex?

A

occipital, parietal, temporal, frontal

18
Q

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

A

is the primary
visual cortex

19
Q

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

A

primary somatosensory
cortex which is the primary target for touch
sensations

20
Q

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

A

Target for auditory information

21
Q

What does the frontal lobe contain?

A

Contains prefrontal cortex and
precentral gyrus

22
Q

What is the precentral gyrus responsible for?

A

responsible
for the control of fine motor movement

22
Q

What is the prefrontal cortex responsible for?

A

responsible for higher functions such as
abstract thinking

23
Q

What is the central canal?

A

fluid-filled channel in
the center of the spinal cord

24
What are ventricles?
four fluid-filled cavities within the brain containing cerebrospinal fluid
25
What does cerebrospinal fluid do?
provides cushioning for the brain
26
What are meninges?
membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
27
What is a CAT scan?
produce detailed images of brain with computer processing and x-rays
28
What is an MRI scan?
Produces high resolution of brain images and connections
29
What is the function of EEG?
30
PET
31
rCBF
32
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
33
Gene-knockout approach
34
Transcranial magnetic stimulation