Neuroanatomy Overview Flashcards
What part of the brain does the telencephalon develop into?
Cerebral hemispheres
What part of the brain does the diencephalon develop into?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
What part of the brain does the mesencephalon develop into?
Midbrain
What part of the brain does the Metencephalon develop into?
Pons
Cerebellum
What part of the brain does the myelencephalon develop into?
Medulla Oblongata
What is the purpose of the hypothalamus?
To keep the body in homeostasis
What forms the brainstem
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
What are the 4 types of glial cells
- Astrocytes
- Oligodendrocytes
- Microglia
- Ependymal cells
What do astrocytes do?
Star shapes cells that function to maintain the blood-brain barrier and homeostasis
What do oligodendrocytes do?
- Produce myelin sheath in CNS
What are the gaps in myelin sheaths called?
Nodes of ranvier
What do microglia do?
Antigen presenting phagocytic cells
What do ependymal cells do?
Line the ventricles (which contain CSF)
What is grey matter?
Cell bodies of neurons
- Lots of neurons, cell processes, synapses and support cells
What is in white matter?
Axons
What is the precentral gyrus responsible for?
Involuntary motor movement (area 4)
What is the postcentral gyrus responsible for?
Sensory function (area 3, 1 & 2)
- Think homunculus
What does the longitudinal fissure do?
Separate the two cerebral hemispheres
What is the name of the structure that lies directly above the lateral ventricles?
Corpus callosum
What is the internal capsule?
An area of white matter that contains ascending & descending tracts
What does the central sulcus separate?
Frontal and parietal lobe
What does the lateral sulcus separate?
Temporal lobe from parietal and frontal lobes
What level does the spinal cord descend down to in adults?
L2 vertebra
What are the meningeal layers superficial to deep?
- Dura mater
- Arachnoid mater
- Pia mater
What is in the subarachnoid space?
CSF
Where do the cavernous and intercavernous sinuses drain to?
Internal jugular vein
