Neuroanatomy (felts)

Question 1

CNS =

Answer 1

Brain and spinal cord

Question 2

PNS =

Answer 2

12 pairs of cranial nerves + 31 pairs of spinal nerves

Question 3

Primary Vesicles =

Answer 3

4 weeks
Prosencephalon,
Mesencephelon,
Rhombencephalon

Question 4

Secondary Vesicles =

Answer 4

6-8 weeks
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon

Question 5

forms the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 5

telencephalon

Question 6

forms the thalamus and hypothalamus

Answer 6

diencephalon

Question 7

forms the midbrain

Answer 7

mesencephalon

Question 8

forms the pons and cerebellum

Answer 8

metencephalon

Question 9

forms the medulla oblongata

Answer 9

myelencephalon

Question 10

process of neurons

Answer 10

COMMUNICATORS. receive via synapses > integrate info > transmit electrical impulse to another neuron

Question 11

most numerous cell in CNS

Answer 11

Glial cells

Question 12

Glial cells 4 subtypes

Answer 12

Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Microglia
Epedendymal

Question 13

Astrocytes role

Answer 13

support, blood brain barrier maintained, environmental homeostasis. NO CONNECTIVE TISSUE IN THE CNS

Question 14

oligodendrocytes role

Answer 14

produce myelin in the CNS (NOT PNS). Node of Ranvier is the break between myelin of separate oligodendrocytes

Question 15

Microglia role

Answer 15

cells similar to macrophages (immune monitoring and antigen presentation)

Question 16

epedendymal cell roles

Answer 16

Ciliated cuboidal/ columnar epithelium that lines the ventricles.

Question 17

sulcus

Answer 17

inward projections

Question 18

gyrus

Answer 18

outward projections

Question 19

fissure

Answer 19

deeper than a sulcus

Question 20

centre of spinal cord =

Answer 20

grey matter

Question 21

corpus callosum =

Answer 21

largest crossing fibres for communication between hemispheres

Question 22

insular lobe =

Answer 22

normally hidden, important role to play in pain

Question 23

Meninges (superficial to deep)

Answer 23

• Dura mater
• Arachnoid mater (subarachnoid space, contains CSF)
• Pia mater

Question 24

Blood drains from brain:

Answer 24

into a system of dural venous sinuses > internal jugular vein.

Question 25

grey matter of spinal cord comprises of…

Answer 25

two posterior and two anterior horns (h-shaped) [Posterior side = grey matter extends to surface].

Question 26

the central canal

Answer 26

goes the length of spinal cord, opens into 4th ventricle.

Question 27

What is special about T1 - L2?

Answer 27

has small lateral horns which contain the preganglionic sympathetic neurons.

Question 28

Arterial supply of spinal cord

Answer 28

• Three major longitudinal arteries (Anterior + 2 posterior spinal arteries)
• Segmental arteries (vertebral, intercostal + lumbar artery)
• Radicular arteries (travel along the dorsal and ventral roots)
• embolic occlusion may = spinal cord infarction

Question 29

sits just posterior to the central sulcus

Answer 29

primary somatosensory cortex

Question 30

2 parts of somatosensory cortex:

Answer 30

• Dorsal column - fine touch + conscious proprioception (particular from the upper limb). Fibres cross in medulla.
• Spinothalamic tract - carries pain, temperature, deep pressure. Fibres cross segmentally.

Question 31

sits just anterior to the central sulcus

Answer 31

primary motor cortex