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Neuromuscular > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

0
Q

Midline (vermis) of cerebellum

A

Proximal coordination

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1
Q

3 areas of brainstem

A

Pons
Midbrain
Medulla

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2
Q

Lateral hemispheres of cerebellum

A

Distal coordination

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3
Q

Where does the spinal cord end at?

A

L1-L2 conus medullaris

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4
Q

Where is the cauda equina

A

L2-L5

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5
Q

What would through the subdural space if there is a torn bridging vein in the dura mater

A

Venous return blood

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6
Q 
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)direction of flow in 
ventricular system
A 
Lateral ventricles (2) 
Threw Interventricular foramen of
Monro (2) 
 Into Third ventricle (1) 
▪threw Cerebral aqueduct (1) 
Into Fourth ventricle (1) 
▪threw 3 foramen 
 Into Subarachnoid space (SAS)
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7
Q

What is the name of the primary efferent track in the SC?

A

Lateral cortical spinal tract

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8
Q

What cells in the CNS give rise to this efferent track?

A

Pyramidal

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9
Q

Thalamus Infarcts usually affect Only…

A

Pain and touch

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10
Q

Neural aspects of force production reflect…

A

Number of motor units
Type of units recruited
Discharge frequency

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11
Q

What Results from lesion w/in descending motor pathways which interferes with central excitatory drive to motor units

A

Paresis

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12
Q

dyskinesia define

A

Involuntary movement

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13
Q

Anosognosia define

A

denial of presence/severity of one’s paralysis (non dominant parietal lobe)

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14
Q

What artery supplies blood to the mid brain?

A

Posterior cerebral artery

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15
Q

Broca’s area is in which lobe

A

Frontal lobe

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16
Q

What is Broca’s area responsible for?

A

Planning movement of mouth during speech and grammatical aspects of language

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17
Q

What lobe of the brain is responsible for proprioception .

A

Parietal lobe

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18
Q

What lobe of the brain is responsible for retrieving memories?

A

Temporal lobe

19
Q

What lobe is responsible for hearing?

A

Temporal lobe

20
Q

Where is wernickes area located

A

Temporal lobe

21
Q

Define prosopagnosia

A

Inability to recognize the faces of familiar people, typically as a result of damage to temporal lobe (infrotemporal cortex)

22
Q

What connects Broca’s and wernickes areas?

A

Arcuate fasciculus

23
Q

Which has longer axons pyramidal or non pyramidal?

A

Pyramidal

Non pyramidal dont travel as far

24
Q

What are the 3 sub cortical structures

A

Limbic system
Hippocampus
Thalamus

25
Q

What is the cortical gray matter made up of?

A

Cell bodies

26
Q

What part of the brain is responsible for homeostasis?

A

Hypothalamus

27
Q

What part of the brain is responsible for motor control?

A

Basal ganglia

28
Q

What part of the brain is responsible for sensory, motor, and consciousness?

A

Thalamus

29
Q

What part of the brain is responsible for motor learning?

A

Cerebellum

30
Q

Dysdiadochokinesia define

A

Inability to perform rapid alternating movements

31
Q

Dysmetria define

A

Lack of coordination of movement seem with under shooting over overshooting position

32
Q

Nystagmus define

A

Rapid involuntary movements of the eyes

33
Q

If there blood in CSF what is that indicative up

A

Aneurysm rupture

34
Q

Apraxia define

A

Inability to execute learned purposeful movement

But have the desire to and physically can

35
Q

Pt presents with confusion between left and right, cant name fingers, and writing difficulty although motor and sensory functions of hands normal.
Most likely diagnosis

A

Lesion in left angular gyrus

36
Q

What is angular gyrus responsible for?

A

Spatial cognition

37
Q

What is the primary afferent tracts?

A 
Anterior spinothalamic (pain, temp, crude touch)
Dorsal column/medial lemniscus (dull touch, proprioception)
38
Q

Athetoid and chorea is seen with what basal ganglia pathology?

A

Hunting tons

39
Q

Define dystonia

A

Sustained contraction

40
Q

Rigidity define

A

Increased muscle tone

41
Q

Impairments to what present with movement trajectories that are uneven and not bell shaped

A

Motor cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia

42
Q

Dysmeteria is seen in patients with problems where

A

Cerebellar and basal ganglia

43
Q

Choreiform movements result from lesions to what

A

Basal ganglia

44
Q

Describe athetoid movements

A

Slow, involuntary writhing and twisting, usually UE>LE, neck, and tongue

45
Q

Weakness is seen with damage to what four areas

A

Primary motor cortex
Cortical spinal tract
Alpha motor neurons
Muscle

46
Q

Weakness from disuse is seen with damage to where?

A

Premotor region
Supplemental motor region
Basal ganglia
Cerebellum

Neuromuscular (6 decks)

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