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Cognitive Neuroscience > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The organization of the brain serves what purpose?

A

Create synapses in a structured way

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2
Q

Dorsal

A

top

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3
Q

Ventral

A

bottom

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4
Q

Rostral

A

towards face

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5
Q

caudal

A

back of head

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6
Q

Coronal section

A

from top to bottom

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7
Q

Transverse section

A

rostral to caudal

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8
Q

sagittal section

A

divides body into left and right sections

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9
Q

List the terms for relative position

A

anterior, posterior
superior, inferior

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10
Q

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system and their components?

A

central nervous system - brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system - nerves that carry sensory and motor info to organs, skin, muscles

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11
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system?

A

Part of the PNS, controls organs that serve life functions (breathing, heart rate, adrenal glands)

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12
Q

Define afferent

A

Towards CNS

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13
Q

Define efferent

A

away from CNs

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14
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

medial structure that is the major fiber pathway that connects the left and right hemispheres

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15
Q

What is the thalamus?

A

relay station that carries sensory info from the senses into the cortex

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16
Q

What is the function of the amygdala?

A

controls fear processing

17
Q

What is the function of the hippocampus?

A

controls memory

18
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

considered a master land that controls hormones throughout the body

19
Q

What are the pieces of the limbic system?

A

corpus callosum, thalamus and hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, and frontal lobe

20
Q

What is the primary function of the limbic system?

A

related to emotional processing

21
Q

__ and __ allow the brain to have high surface area in a small space

A

gyri; sulci

22
Q

Define sulci

A

valleys

23
Q

Define fissures

A

deep valleys (big sulci)

24
Q

Define gyri

A

ridges

25
Q

What allows humans to have higher order processing than other species?

A

Invaginations of the brain/ sulci and gyrus allow for more space

26
Q

Where is the longitudinal fissure?

A

separates the left and right hemisphere

27
Q

Where is the Sylvian fissure?

A

separates the parietal lobe from the temporal and frontal lobes

28
Q

Where is the central sulcus?

A

separates the precentral gyrus from the postcentral gyrus

29
Q

Describe the information of the precentral gyrus

A

motor processes

30
Q

Describe the information of the postcentral gyrus

A

somatosensory processess

31
Q

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

A

motor function

32
Q

What is the function of the prefrontal cortex?

A

abstract thinking, cognitive control, and goal directed behavior

33
Q

What is the function of the temporal lobe?

A

manages language (in the left hemisphere) helps manage memory

34
Q

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

A

visual processing

35
Q

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

A

sensory integration

Cognitive Neuroscience (2 decks)

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