Neuroanatomy

Question 1

4 cavities within brain

Answer 1

Ventricles:
2 lateral ventricles (in cerebral hemispheres)
Third ventricle (between the two thalami)
Fourth ventricle (between brain stem and cerebellum)

Question 2

Great vessels of the neck

Answer 2

4 major arteries feeding the brain
2 carotid
2 vertebral
Link at the base of the cerebrum to form the circle of willis (where major arteries feeding cerebral brain regions originate)

Question 3

Venous circulation in brain

Answer 3

Widespread network of venous sinuses returns deox blood to paired internal jugular veins

Question 4

Glial cells

Answer 4

More abundant than neurons
4 major types: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells

Question 5

Astrocytes

Answer 5

Star shaped glia, found in grey and white matter, mechanical support, metabolic regulation of microenvironment, response to injury

Question 6

Oligodenrocytes

Answer 6

White matter, myelination (Schwann for PNS)

Question 7

Microglia

Answer 7

Found in grey and white matter, phagocytes

Question 8

Ependymal cells

Answer 8

Line the ventricular system, forms choroid plexus (secretory epithelium that produces CSF)

Question 9

Common carotid arteries

Answer 9

Arise from subclavian artery and ascending aorta
Bifurcates into external branch (supplies extracranial structures) and internal carotid artery (irrigates substantial portion of brain - frontal, superior midline)

Question 10

Paired vertebral arteries

Answer 10

Somewhat smaller than common carotid, arise from subclavian artery, form single basilar artery below pons

Question 11

Circle of willis

Answer 11

Where the four great blood vessels combine to form a vascular loop at base of brain from which arise all the arteries feeding the cerebrum