Neuroanatomy Flashcards
From inferior to superior (i.e. ascending),
what is the 4th branch of the external carotid
artery in the neck?
a. Maxillary artery
b. Occipital artery
c. Facial artery
d. Lingual artery
e. Posterior auricular artery
c. Facial artery
The pathway best describing how sympa-
thetic fibers of the autonomic nervous system
exit the spinal cord is
a. Via the dorsal roots and white rami
communicans
b. Via the ventral roots and white rami communicans
c. Via the dorsal roots and gray rami
communicans
d. Via the ventral roots and gray rami
communicans
e. Via the ventral roots and spinal nerves
b. Via the ventral roots and white rami communicans
- The left vertebral artery usually arises from
the:
a. Arch of the aorta
b. Brachiocephalic trunk
c. Left common carotid
d. Left subclavian artery
e. Costocervical trunk
d. Left subclavian artery
Hemiballismus results from lesioning which
basal ganglia target?
a. Globus pallidus interna
b. Subthalamic nucleus
c. Substantia nigra pars reticularis
d. Striatum
e. Pedunculopontine nucleus
b. Subthalamic nucleus
Lesion of which structure increases extensor
tone?
a. Dentate nucleus
b. Pedunculopontine nucleus
c. Red nucleus
d. Ventral tegmentum
e. Superior olive
c. Red nucleus
Which one of the following drain into the cavernous sinus?
a. Superior ophthalmic vein
b. Superior petrosal sinus
c. Inferior petrosal sinus
d. Basal vein of Rosenthal
e. Vein of Labbe
a. Superior ophthalmic vein
Persistent trigeminal artery is commonly:
a. Found in 3-5% of people
b. Found to connect to the proximal basilar artery
c. Found to branch off from the ICA just proximal to the meningohypophyseal trunk
d. Found to have a vascular abnormality in approximately 50% of cases
e. Found in conjunction with internal carotid artery aplasia
c. Found to branch off from the ICA just proximal to the meningohypophyseal trunk
The afferent loop of the Hering-Breuer inflation and deflation reflexes is mediated by:
a. CN XIII
b. CN IX
c. CN X
d. CN XI
e. C2
c. CN X
Which one of the following nerves is outside the annulus of Zinn?
a. Abducens
b. Nasociliary
c. Trochlear
d. Oculomotor (superior division)
e. Oculomotor (inferior division)
c. Trochlear
The C2 vertebra has how many secondary ossification centers?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
e. 6
d. 5
A line drawn between the highest point of the iliac crests across the back usually denotes
a. L1/2 interspace
b. L2/3 interspace
c. L3/4 interspace
d. L4/5 interspace
e. L5/S1 interspace
d. L4/5 interspace
Which one of the following is labeled X in the image below?
a. Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve
b. Meckel’s cave
c. Oculomotor nerve
d. Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve
e. Abducens nerve
b. Meckel’s cave
Which one of the following statements about the sympathetic nervous system is FALSE?
a. Innervation of thoracic viscera arises from
T1-T4 spinal segments
b. Splanchnic nerves are unmyelinated
c. Preganglionic fibers enter the sympa-
thetic chain via white rami communicans
d. Sensory afferent fibers are important for
visceral pain sensation
e. Preganglionic fibers synapse in either the
sympathetic chain or prevertebral ganglia
b. Splanchnic nerves are unmyelinated
Nervi erigentes are responsible for:
a. Inhibition of the external anal sphincter
b. Inhibition of the internal vesicle sphincter
c. Inhibition of the internal anal sphincter
d. Inhibition of the external vesicle sphincter
e. Inhibition of the rectal muscles
b. Inhibition of the internal vesicle sphincter
Parasympathetic sensory afferents terminate
in which one of the following?
a. Nucleus ambiguus
b. Solitary nucleus
c. Edinger-Westphal nucleus
d. Red nucleus
e. Superior colliculus
b. Solitary nucleus
Which one of the labels in the diagram below
of the internal auditory canal identifies the
facial nerve?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
F. F
B. B
Blood supply to the posterior pituitary gland
arises from branches of which internal
carotid artery segment?
a. C1 (Cervical)
b. C2 (Petrous)
c. C3 (Lacerum)
d. C4 (Cavernous)
e. C5 (Clinoid)
f. C6 (ophthalmic/supraclinoid)
g. C7 (communicating)
d. C4 (Cavernous)
Cavernous sinus imaging:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Right optic nerve
2. Oculomotor nerve
3. Abducens nerve
1—g, 2—a, 3—c
Internal auditory canal:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. AICA
2. Basal turn of cochlea
3. Cochlear nerve
1—e, 2—c, 3—f
Cavernous sinus anatomy:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the diagram
above. Each answer may be used once, more than
once or not at all.
1. ACA
2. Maxillary division of CN V (V2)
3. Oculomotor nerve (III)
1—b, 2—m, 3—g
Internal auditory canal:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Facial nerve
2. Superior vestibular nerve
3. Greater superficial petrosal nerve
4. Posterior semicircular canal
1—q, 2—o, 3—b, 4—l
Internal auditory canal:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the images above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
2. Vestibulocochlear nerve
3. Facial nerve
1—c, 2—b, 3—a
Basal Ganglia:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Caudate nucleus
2. Claustrum
3. Globus pallidus interna
4. Internal capsule
5. Putamen
1—a, 2—i, 3—c, 4—f, 5—b
Cerebral veins:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Inferior anastamotic vein of Labbe
2. Superficial middle cerebral vein of Silvius
3. Superior anastamotic vein of Trolard
4. Basal vein of Rosenthal
5. Vein of Galen
1—i, 2—q, 3—b, 4—g, 5—f
Thalamus:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate part of the thalamus from the
image above. Each answer may be used once,
more than once or not at all.
1. Pulvinar
2. Ventral anterior nucleus
3. Ventral posterolateral nucleus
4. Lateral geniculate nucleus
5. Medial geniculate nucleus
1—j, 2—b, 3—g, 4—l, 5—k
Thalamus:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate part of the thalamus from the
image above. Each answer may be used once,
more than once or not at all.
1. Receives major input from inferior colliculi
2. Major projection to the primary visual cortex
3. Receives major projections from mammillary
body
4. Auditory relay nucleus
5. Contains the area of face representation
1—m, Pulvinar; 2—k, Lateral geniculate; 3—
a, Anterior; 4—l, Medial geniculate; 5—i,
Ventral posteromedial
For each of the following descriptions, select
the most appropriate answers from the image
below. Each answer may be used once, more
than once or not at all.
1. Cisterna magna
2. Interpeduncular cistern
3. Chiasmatic cistern
1—f, 2—g, 3—j
Cranial Nerve Nuclei:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Abducens nerve nucleus
2. Principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve
3. Solitary tract nucleus
4. Facial nerve motor nucleus
5. Nucleus ambiguus
1—e, 2—m, 3—p, 4—f, 5—j
Sulci and gyri:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Angular gyrus
2. Supramarginal gyrus
3. Pars opercularis of inferior frontal grus
4. Middle frontal gyrus
5. Parieto-occipital sulcus
1—h, 2—d, 3—u, 4—y, 5—g
Sulci and gyri:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Marginal sulcus
2. Calcarine sulcus
3. Cuneus
4. Collateral sulcus
5. Lamina terminalis
1—c, 2—h, 3—f, 4—n, 5—t
Sulci and gyri:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Central sulcus
2. Paracentral sulcus
3. Calcarine sulcus
4. Marginal sulcus
5. Precuneus
1—h, 2—b, 3—n, 4—j, 5—k
Fourth ventricular floor:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Facial colliculus
2. Striae medullaris
3. Sulcus limitans
4. Median sulcus
5. Vagal trigone
1—l, 2—d, 3—p, 4—c, 5—g
Cranial Nerve Nuclei:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Red nucleus
2. Erdinger-Westphal nucleus
3. Oculomotor nucleus
4. Trochlear nucleus
5. Abducens nucleus
6. Facial nucleus
7. Nucleus ambiguus of vagus nerve
1—a, 2—c, 3—d, 4—f, 5—i
Medulla at sensory decussation:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Nucleus gracilis
2. Nucleus cuneatus
3. Spinothalamic tract
4. Posterior spinocerebellar fibers
1—b, 2—q, 3—f, 4—p
Medulla and vagal nuclei:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Solitary nucleus and tract
2. Dorsal motor vagal nucleus
3. Reticular formation
4. Principal olivary nucleus (inferior olivary
nucleus)
5. Medial lemniscus
1—p, 2—n, 3—c, 4—x, 5—z
Rostral medulla:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Posterior cochlear nucleus
2. Vestibulocochlear nerve
3. Spinal trigeminal nucleus
4. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
5. Nucleus ambiguus
1—e, 2—h, 3—f, 4—o, 5—v
Caudal pons:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Facial nucleus
2. Facial nerve
3. Superior olivary nucleus
4. Abducens nucleus
5. Abducens nerve
1—g, 2—h, 3—j, 4—p, 5—z
Mid-pons:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Locus ceruleus
2. Corticospinal fibers
3. Principal trigeminal sensory nucleus
4. Fourth ventricle
5. Brachium pontis
1—p, 2—l, 3—e, 4—o, 5—h
Rostral pons:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
1. Medial lemniscus
2. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
3. Trochlear nerve
4. Central tegmental tract
5. Tectobulbospinal tract
1—p, 2—d, 3—k, 4—n, 5—e
Fourth ventricular floor:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
- Facial colliculus
- Striae medullaris
- Sulcus limitans
- Median sulcus
- Vagal trigone
1—l, 2—d, 3—p, 4—c, 5—g
Cranial Nerve Nuclei:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
- Red nucleus
- Erdinger-Westphal nucleus
- Oculomotor nucleus
- Trochlear nucleus
- Abducens nucleus
- Facial nucleus
- Nucleus ambiguus of vagus nerve
1—a, 2—c, 3—d, 4—f, 5—i
- Medulla at sensory decussation:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all. - Nucleus gracilis
- Nucleus cuneatus
- Spinothalamic tract
- Posterior spinocerebellar fibers
1—b, 2—q, 3—f, 4—p
Medulla and vagal nuclei:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
- Solitary nucleus and tract
- Dorsal motor vagal nucleus
- Reticular formation
- Principal olivary nucleus (inferior olivary
nucleus) - Medial lemniscus
1—p, 2—n, 3—c, 4—x, 5—z
Rostral medulla:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
- Posterior cochlear nucleus
- Vestibulocochlear nerve
- Spinal trigeminal nucleus
- Medial longitudinal fasciculus
- Nucleus ambiguus
1—e, 2—h, 3—f, 4—o, 5—v
Caudal pons:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
- Facial nucleus
- Facial nerve
- Superior olivary nucleus
- Abducens nucleus
- Abducens nerve
1—g, 2—h, 3—j, 4—p, 5—z
Mid-pons:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
- Locus ceruleus
- Corticospinal fibers
- Principal trigeminal sensory nucleus
- Fourth ventricle
- Brachium pontis
1—p, 2—l, 3—e, 4—o, 5—h
Rostral pons:
For each of the following descriptions, select the
most appropriate answers from the image above.
Each answer may be used once, more than once
or not at all.
- Medial lemniscus
- Medial longitudinal fasciculus
- Trochlear nerve
- Central tegmental tract
- Tectobulbospinal tract
1—p, 2—d, 3—k, 4—n, 5—e
