Neuroanatomy Flashcards
What neurones are highlighted in green, black, blue and purple?
Green - general somatic or visceral afferents
Black - Interneurone
Blue - pre ganglionic sympathetic neurone
Purple - general somatic efferent
Identify A
Dorsal median groove
Identify B
Dorsal horn of grey matter
Identify C
Grey commissure
Identify D
Ventral Horn of grey matter
Identify E
Ventral funiculus
Identify F
Dorsal funiculus
Identify G
Lateral funiculus
Identify H
Central canal
Identify I
Ventral median fissure
Which spinal segment is lumbar?
B
Which spinal segment is lower cervical?
A
Which spinal segment is thoracic?
E
Which spinal segment is sacral?
D
What large sensory division of the trigeminal nerve (cn v) supplies the lower eyelid, nasal mucosa, upper teeth, upper lip and nose?
Maxillary n. (CN V)
What is the caudal part of the brain stem lying ventral to the cerebellum. Also called the myelencephalon?
Medulla oblongata
What is the middle part of the brain stem. Also called midbrain?
Mesencephalon
What is the part of hindbrain which comprises the pond and the roughly spherical cerebellum which lies dorsal to the medulla?
Metencephalon
What is the caudal part of the brain stem lying ventral to the cerebellum. Also called medulla?
Myelencephalon
What is the outer layer of grey matter on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres of the forebrain? (Telencephalon)
Neocortex
What part of the brain is the most ventral and do steal part of the telencephalon and projects through the cribs form plate?
Olfactory bulb
What feature is the cross-over point for most of the fibres coming from the eye in the optic nerve (CN II)? Located just to steal to the pituitary gland.
Optic chiasm
Small polyp-like endocrine organ lies between the cerebellum causally and the two cerebral hemispheres for sally and laterally?
Pineal gland
Where are corticospinal tract fibres located?
Pyramids of the medulla
What do fibres of the corricospinal tract do?
Facilitate directed precise movements
What system of efferent descending fibres arises from the poorly defined network in central brain stem and has roles in respiration, heart rate and blood pressure and different descending tracts can inhibit or stimulate motor activity?
Reticulospinal system
What is the caudal region of the brain comprised of the cerebellum and pons (metencephalon) and the medulla (myelencephalon)? Also called the hindbrain?
Rhombencephalon
What muscles does the accessory nerve innervate? (CN XI)
Brachocephalicus
Omotransversarius
Trapezius
Sternomastoideus
Lesion occurs at C3 - what happens?
Tetraparesis / plegia
UMN to ALL LIMBS
(Paralysed or major weakness)
Lesion at C7 - what happens
Tetraparesis/plegia
- UMN pelvic limbs (because road block on spinal cord at c7 means the UMN can’t read L4)
- LMN thoracic limbs (because spinal nerve for LMN to muscle is damaged)
Which nerves are tested by the corneal reflex?
V1 and VII
What bony feature projects centrally from the indistinct jugular process of the occipital bone and to which is attached m. Digastricus?
Paracondylar process of occipital bone
What opening provides passage for the facial nerve VII to supply muscles of facial expression?
Stylomastoid Foramen
