neuroanatomy

Question 1

basal ganglia

Answer 1

modify movement- inhibitory

Question 2

medial geniculate nucleus

Answer 2

auditory nucleus of thalamus

Question 3

edinger-westphal nucleus

Answer 3

central visual pathway

Question 4

lateral geniculate nucleus

Answer 4

visual nucleus of thalamus

Question 5

nucleus of the solitary tract

Answer 5

collects visceral sensory information from vagus - BP and gut distention

Question 6

reticular formation

Answer 6

brainstem component that collects info from spinal cord- skin temp.

Question 7

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 7

circadian rhythms, lactation, sexual behaviour, feeding

Question 8

medial pre-optic nucleus

Answer 8

GnRH nucleus - releases GnRH

Question 9

supra-optic nucleus

Answer 9

oxytocin and vasopressin

Question 10

paraventricular nucleus

Answer 10

CRH

Question 11

anterior hypothalamic nucleus

Answer 11

thermoregulation

Question 12

ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus

Answer 12

satiety, sexual behaviour
Damage: hyperphagia, obesity

Question 13

arcuate nucleus

Answer 13

feeding, dopamine release

Question 14

lateral nucleus of hypothalamus

Answer 14

hunger and thirst- orexigenic
centre of feeding

Question 15

dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus

Answer 15

BP, HR

Question 16

mammilary nuclei

Answer 16

fear, anger, anterograde and retrograde amnesia, short term memory loss, confabulation

Question 17

mediobasal temporal lobe

Answer 17

deja/jamais vu

Question 18

uncus

Answer 18

primary olfactory cortex

Question 19

amygdala

Answer 19

fear and anger

Question 20

Right DLPFC, amygdala, anterior cingulate

Answer 20

depersonalisation

(Specifically insula and orbitofrontal cortex)

Question 21

fusiform gyrus

Answer 21

prosopagnosia

Question 22

posterior superior temporal gyrus

Answer 22

wernicke’s

Question 23

dorsolateral frontal lobe

Answer 23

executive function

Question 24

accumbens

Answer 24

addiction
Dopamine release

Question 25

left inferior frontal

Answer 25

speech

Question 26

Ventral tegmental area

Answer 26

rewarding and aversive qualities of sensations Neurons rich in dopamine project from this area to the nigrostriatal pathway.

Question 27

Anterior cingulate

Answer 27

activated in tasks involving emotion, cognitive and motor tasks

Question 28

hippocampus

Answer 28

Damage to this area bilaterally leads to an amnestic syndrome

Question 29

Nucleus basalis

Answer 29

Major cholinergic site involved in pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s dementia.

Question 30

Locus Coeruleus

Answer 30

Noradrenergic neurones

Question 31

orbitofrontal cortex

Answer 31

change in personality with childlike behaviour and disinhibition.

Question 32

thalamus

Answer 32

1. translator of prethalamic inputs into readable form. 2. process and relay of sensory information selectively to the cerebral cortex. 3. regulation of sleep and wakefulness. 4. consciousness arousal, the level of awareness, and activity.

Question 33

Thalamic syndrome:

Answer 33

contralateral hemianaesthesia, often accompanied by mood swings

Question 34

olivary nucleus- inferior

Answer 34

finger-nose

Question 35

Wernickes

Answer 35

Mamillary bodies

Question 36

Medial frontal cortex

Answer 36

Aggression, mood changes, neurovegetative disturbances Apathy, akinetic mutism

Question 37

diencephalon

Answer 37

Fluctuating attention, reduced consciousness

Question 38

apraxia incl constructional apraxia and dressing apraxia

Answer 38

non-dominant parietal Note ideomotor apraxia is dominant parietal

Question 39

tourettes

Answer 39

caudate

Question 40

Dominant Parietal Lobe

Answer 40

Gerstmann's syndrome

Question 41

Lesion of post central gyrus

Answer 41

Effects contralateral somatosensory

Question 42

Frontal lobe lesion

Answer 42

Personality change, perseveration, motor Jacksonian fits, urinary incontinence, inability to smell and a spontaneity

Question 43

Lesion of inferior frontal gyrus

Answer 43

Broca’s - expressive aphasia

Question 44

Embryonic structure of cerebellum and pons

Answer 44

Metencephelon

Question 45

Embryonic structure of midbrain

Answer 45

Misencephalon

Question 46

Embryonic structure of medulla oblongata and spinal cord

Answer 46

Myelencephalon

Question 47

What’s a biological abnormality demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia

Answer 47

Larger P300 evoked potential

Question 48

Atrophy is found in this area in WE

Answer 48

Mamillary bodies

Question 49

Area of brain believed to be involved in reward

Answer 49

Mesolimbic pathway

Question 50

Psychoactive components of cannabis act on this

Answer 50

G protein coupled receptors

Question 51

Benzos act on these receptors

Answer 51

GABA R agonist

Question 52

Wernickes dysphasia is what type of dysphasia?

Answer 52

Primary sensory dysphasia

Question 53

Patient talks in a slow sparse style that is hesitant with disturbed rhythm and inflection. Which dysphasia?

Answer 53

Primary motor dysphasia

Question 54

Depersonalisation

Answer 54

Amygdala + R dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Question 55

Jacksonian epileptic attack

Answer 55

Pre central motor cortex

Question 56

Laughing seizures generated by?

Answer 56

Hypothalamus (also known as gelastic seizures)

Question 57

Patient with swinging movement of L arm and leg

Answer 57

R sub thalmic nucleus Also known as hemiballismus - usually contra lateral lesion