Neuro-Toxicology

Question 1

When should you be concerned about a toxic etiology ?

Answer 1

when pt p/w atypical combination of systemic and neurologic symptoms (encephalopathy + depigmentation = toilet bowl encephalopathy !) `

Question 2

MOA of Organophosphate toxicity

Answer 2

inhibits acetylcholinesterase

Question 3

Symptoms of Organophosphate poisoning

Answer 3

miosis, lacrimation, bradycardia, salivation

Question 4

Tx of organophosphate toxicity

Answer 4

atropine and pralidoxime

Question 5

Name the Toxin: slurred speech, hallucinations in a glue huffer

Answer 5

Toluene

Question 6

Name the Toxin: euphoria in a person who just varnished their cabinets

Answer 6

Hexane

Question 7

Name the Toxin: Sterilizer operator with pulmonary edema, headache and lethargy

Answer 7

Ethylene Oxide

Question 8

Name the Toxin: Rubber manufacturing with mania, mucosal irritation

Answer 8

carbon disulfide

Question 9

Name the Toxin: commercial polymer manufacturing dermatitis, encephalopathy, ataxia, seizures

Answer 9

Acrylamide

Question 10

Name the Toxin: child with abdominal pain, neurobehavorial problems or adult with hearing loss and asymmetric motor neuropathy

Answer 10

lead

Question 11

Name the Toxin: Miner, artisanal gold artist or Dentistwith ataxia, deafness, paresthesias

Answer 11

mercury

Question 12

Name the Toxin: parkinsonism from TPN

Answer 12

manganese

Question 13

Name the Toxin: rodent/insecticides ataxia, tremor, peripheral neuropathy

Answer 13

thallium

Question 14

Name the Toxin: garlic breath cardiac dysrhythmias

Answer 14

Arsenic

Question 15

Ethanol potentiates what receptor ?

Answer 15

GABA A receptors

Question 16

does etoh withdrawal commonly cause focal seizur

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Time fram of sxs from etoh withdrawal

Answer 17

10 hours to 6 days

Question 18

symptoms of thiamine (b1) deficiency

Answer 18

oculomotor dysfunction, gait ataxia, encephalopathy

Question 19

MRI areas that are hyperintense on T2 from B1 deficiency

Answer 19

mammilary bodies, dorsomedial thalamus, periaqueductal gray

Question 20

Necrosis and demyelination of the corpus callosum

Answer 20

Marchiafava - Bignami disease (interhemispheric disconnection, dementia, spasticity dysarthria)

Question 21

What part of the cerebellum degnerates in chronic alcoholism (what cell layer too)

Answer 21

vermis, purkinje cells

Question 22

necrosis of the optic nerves, putaminal hemorrhage in someone who was found down in the garage

Answer 22

methanol toxicity

Question 23

Anatomical areas important in the reward circuit ?

Answer 23

ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens

Question 24

Name the MOA/receptor: Opioids

Answer 24

U (mew) receptor activator

Question 25

Name the MOA/receptor: BZD

Answer 25

increase gaba a receptor opening

Question 26

Name the MOA/receptor: Cocaine

Answer 26

dopamine reuptake inhibitor

Question 27

Name the MOA/receptor: Ecstasy

Answer 27

catecholamin reuptrake inhibitor

Question 28

Name the MOA/receptor: LSD

Answer 28

5-HT activator

Question 29

Name the MOA/receptor: PCP

Answer 29

NMDA antagonist

Question 30

Name the MOA/receptor: Caffeine

Answer 30

adenosine antagonist

Question 31

4 potential toxic effects of radiation

Answer 31

vasculopathy (neck cancer w/ carotid stenosis) myelopathy plexopathy (myokymic discharges on emg) dementia/cognitive impairment (50% of WBR_)

Question 32

Name the Animal Toxin: marine bacteria in puffer fish blocks vgNA channels causing perioral paresthesias paralysis and cardiac dysrhythmias

Answer 32

TTX (tetrodotoxin)

Question 33

Name the Animal Toxin: seafood opens Na channels causing myalgias autonomic hyperactivity etcs

Answer 33

CTX (ciguatoxin)

Question 34

Two types of toxing in snake venom

Answer 34

beta (presynaptic inhibition of ach) and alpha (block ach receptors) neurotoxins