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Year 2 PCM IV final > Neuro, Told 5 Q > Flashcards

Neuro, Told 5 Q Flashcards

1
Q

CSF P

A
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2
Q

CSF P

A
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3
Q

CT should preceed spinal tap except

A

if meningitis suspected

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4
Q

bevel size for spinal tap

A

short

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5
Q

low CSF pressure

A

below 7 cm

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6
Q

what can cause low CSF P

A

hypo production
distal to occlusion
spinal leak
spinal cord tumor

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7
Q

caues of high CSF

A

hyper production
proximal to occlusion
malabsorption of spinal fluid
obesity- pseudo tumor cerebri

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8
Q

CSF pinkish “cherry limeade”

A

new bleeding

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9
Q

CSF light yellow

xanthochromic

A

old blood pigments

remote bleeding

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10
Q

RBC or WBC count that makes CSF cloudy

A

> 200 WBC

>400 RBC

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11
Q

neutrophil in CSF

A

infection, bacterial

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12
Q

lymphocytes in CSF

A

viral or fungal infection

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13
Q

monocyte in CSF

A

chronic conditions

macrophages

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14
Q

glucose in CSF

A

never below 80% of blood glucose

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15
Q

protein in CSF

A

less than 45 mg/dL

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16
Q

type of space epidural

A

potential

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17
Q

cervical trauma XR

A

see all cervical vertebrae and t1

straight lines

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18
Q

when is CT useful for head injury

A

hemorrhages
spinal fractures
kidney stones
tumor and abscess need IV contrast

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19
Q

PET

A

detects sugar + positron gamma radiation

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20
Q

field of T1

A

relaxation longitudinal to magnetic field

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21
Q

field of T2

A

relaxation transverse to magnetic field

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22
Q

solid mass color in T1 vs T2

A

T1 dark

T2 bright

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23
Q

subactue blood in T1 T1

A

bright

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24
Q

acute and chronic blood in T1 vs T2

A

T2 dark

T1 gray

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25
Q

fat in T1 T2

A

T1 bright

T2 dark

26
Q

What is dark in T1 MRI

A

CSF
water
low proton density:calcification
flow void

27
Q

what is bright in T1 MRI

A 
fat
subacute hemorrhage
melanin
protein rich fluid
slow flowing blood
gadolinium
laminar necrosis of infarct
28
Q

what is dark on T2 MRI

A

low proton density: calcificaiton, fiborus tissue

paramagnetic substances: deoxyHb, methHb, iron, hemosiderin, melanin

29
Q

what is bright on T2 MRI

A

increased water

subacture hemorrhage extracell methHb

30
Q

CT should preceed spinal tap except

A

if meningitis suspected

31
Q

bevel size for spinal tap

A

short

32
Q

low CSF pressure

A

below 7 cm

33
Q

what can cause low CSF P

A

hypo production
distal to occlusion
spinal leak
spinal cord tumor

34
Q

caues of high CSF

A

hyper production
proximal to occlusion
malabsorption of spinal fluid
obesity- pseudo tumor cerebri

35
Q

CSF pinkish “cherry limeade”

A

new bleeding

36
Q

CSF light yellow

xanthochromic

A

old blood pigments

remote bleeding

37
Q

RBC or WBC count that makes CSF cloudy

A

> 200 WBC

>400 RBC

38
Q

neutrophil in CSF

A

infection, bacterial

39
Q

lymphocytes in CSF

A

viral or fungal infection

40
Q

monocyte in CSF

A

chronic conditions

macrophages

41
Q

glucose in CSF

A

never below 80% of blood glucose

42
Q

protein in CSF

A

less than 45 mg/dL

43
Q

type of space epidural

A

potential

44
Q

cervical trauma XR

A

see all cervical vertebrae and t1

straight lines

45
Q

when is CT useful for head injury

A

hemorrhages
spinal fractures
kidney stones
tumor and abscess need IV contrast

46
Q

PET

A

detects sugar + positron gamma radiation

47
Q

field of T1

A

relaxation longitudinal to magnetic field

48
Q

field of T2

A

relaxation transverse to magnetic field

49
Q

solid mass color in T1 vs T2

A

T1 dark

T2 bright

50
Q

subactue blood in T1 T1

A

bright

51
Q

acute and chronic blood in T1 vs T2

A

T2 dark

T1 gray

52
Q

fat in T1 T2

A

T1 bright

T2 dark

53
Q

What is dark in T1 MRI

A

CSF
water
low proton density:calcification
flow void

54
Q

what is bright in T1 MRI

A 
fat
subacute hemorrhage
melanin
protein rich fluid
slow flowing blood
gadolinium
laminar necrosis of infarct
55
Q

what is dark on T2 MRI

A

low proton density: calcificaiton, fiborus tissue

paramagnetic substances: deoxyHb, methHb, iron, hemosiderin, melanin

56
Q

what is bright on T2 MRI

A

increased water

subacture hemorrhage extracell methHb

57
Q

what is bright on T2 MRI

A

increased water

subacture hemorrhage extracell methHb

58
Q

what is a FLAIR MRI

A

fluid attenuated inversion recovery
edema and gliosis are HTN
T2 MRI with spinal fluid blanked out

59
Q

CT scans best for

A

cerebral bleeding
absecesses
all fractures

60
Q

CSF protein really high

A

guillain barre

Year 2 PCM IV final (6 decks)

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