Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Year 2 PCM IV final > Neuro, Cohen 10Q > Flashcards

Neuro, Cohen 10Q Flashcards

1
Q

Neuro exam overview

A 
mental status
cranial nerves
cerebellum
strengths
DTRs
Sensory testing
gait
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Neuro exam overview

A 
mental status
cranial nerves
cerebellum
strengths
DTRs
Sensory testing
gait
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mental status exam

A 
level of consciousness
orientation
language
attention
memory
executive/intellectual function
non dominant hemisphere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

lethargic patient

A

prefers to sleep but stays awake with minimal verbal or physical stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

stuporous

A

repeated physical stimulation to stay awake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

somatose

A

sleep like state

cannot be awaken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sudden decline in sconsciousness

A 
bad
new problem like decline in funciton of organ
new medication with adverse effect
sepsis
O2 decline or CO2 increase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

orientation

A

person place and time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

aphasia

A

indicaiton that dominant hemisphere is impaired, stroke hemorrhage, seizure or trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

brocas aphasia

A

frontal lobe

usually have hemiplegia, retained understanding and brief telegraphic output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

brocas aphasia

A

frontal lobe

usually have hemiplegia, retained understanding and brief telegraphic output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

wernickes aphasia

A

superior temporal lobe, fluent, poor understanding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

anomia

A

inability to nameobjects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

agraphia

A

limited writing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

dysarthria

A

slurred or thick speech
disease of either hemisphere
sometimes brainstem or could even me a medication effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

testing language function

A 
listen
have patients repeat words or simple phrases
read a paragraph
write a sentence
name simple objects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

apraxia

A

loss of complex tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

example of apraxia

A

can;t comb the hair or brush teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Gerstmann Syndrome lesion location

A

lesion in dominant parietal lobe

damage of angular gyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sx of gerstmann syndrome

A

acalculia
agraphia
inability to distinguish the L and R sides of patient
inability to distinguish individual fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

testing attention

A

digit repitition 7 forward 5 backwards
serial sevens
reading series of letters
spell world forward and backwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

testing attention

A

digit repitition 7 forward 5 backwards
serial sevens
reading series of letters
spell world forward and backwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

patient who cannot stick to the subject at hand, fails to do serial sevens or cannot spell a word forwards or backwards

A

may have delirium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

deliurium

A

acute confusional state or encephalopathy
may be agitation, sometimes hallucinations, tremors wide fluctuations in blood P and rate
hyper-reactive to stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
delirium often due to
serious infections like sepsis, new medications, impairment of respiration, hepatic or renal function or widespread stroke infections within the pain or alcohol and narcotic withdrawal
26
MSE in a patient with delirium
cannot be reliably tested beyond attention definitely not beyond language too inattentive to understand memory testing poor executive functions
27
location causing abnormal memory
bilateral medial temporal lobe damage hippocampus sign or Sx of brain disease alzheimers
28
anterograde
loss or recent memory | ability to store new information
29
retrograde
distant memories like dates of graduation etc.
30
retrograde
distant memories like dates of graduation etc.
31
questions for anterograde memory
give 3 words
32
questions for retrograde memory
ask about past graduation or history etc
33
how to check verbal fluency | how frontal lobes retriever information from temporal
as to name as many things in a category most can name 20+ dementia
34
indicators of dementia
abnormal executive function, judgement, abnormalities in nondominant hemisphere
35
what functions localized to right parietal lobe
visual spatial skills construcitons awareness
36
abnormalities in non-dominant hermisphere
new tumor, stroke or trauma or part of dementia
37
right temporal lobe
loss of musical abilities and tendency to psychiatric disturbances like psychosis, depression and bipolar disorder, anxiety
38
right occipital lobe
left homonymous hemianopia and prosopagnosia, inability to recognize faces
39
right occipital lobe
left homonymous hemianopia and prosopagnosia, inability to recognize faces
40
hemispatial neglect
not seeing people or objects in L side of room or on L side of drawing
41
anosognosia
inability to recognize weakness in a patients L arm or L leg
42
dressing agnosia
inability to button clothes or put an arm in sleeve on L side
43
lack of constructional skills is sign of damage where (drawing clock)
nondominant (right) parietal lobe damage | very much impaired in alzheimers
44
abnormal CN II
loss of vision bitemporal hemianopia means around pituitary or chiasm check acuity and pupillary reactivity
45
loss of pupillary reflex
problem with II or III
46
abnormal CN III
pupil usually spared | if not have large dilated pupil
47
causes of abnormal CN III
strokes, DM, migraine sometimes if outside midbrain like a herniation, pupil not spared also aneurysm of PCA
48
Ptosis
droopiness of upper eye lid from CNIII lesion | also in horners
49
Abnormal IV and VI
IV- patient cannot look down and in | CI- patient cannot look laterally
50
abnormal VI lesion would be
pons or skull | like increased ICP
51
how to test VII
closing eyes, raising eyebrowns | smiling pursing lips
52
Peripheral VII palsy
once left pons if damaged both upper and lower facial mm ipsi are impaired idiopathic- bells palsy
53
central VII palsy
lesion in brain stem, contralateral | only lower facial mm impaired
54
central VII palsy
lesion in brain stem, contralateral | only lower facial mm impaired
55
cerebellum function
coordination of movements on ipsi side because crosses midline twice
56
what can cause b/l cerebellar damage
familial cerebellar degeneration, alcoholism, certain meds, mercury, MS
57
what can cause b/l cerebellar damage
familial cerebellar degeneration, alcoholism, certain meds, mercury, MS
58
rhomberg tests
posterior columns, gracile and cuneate fasciculi | requires vison, cerebellum and posterior columns for upright posture
59
2/5 strengthe
no movement against gravity
60
3/5
movement against gravity | no resistance
61
quadriplegia
disease of upper or mid cervical spine or both corticospinal tracts of brain stem
62
hemiplegia
disease of one cerebral hemisphere or one side brainstem along corticospinal tract
63
paraplegia
disease of spinal cord in thoracic or high lumbar regions
64
paraplegia
disease of spinal cord in thoracic or high lumbar regions
65
causes of dec DTR
``` DM hypothyroidism vit B12 def exposure heavy metals inc production Ig auto immune disease ```
66
causes of inc DTR
lesion of corticospinal tracts, UMN weakness, spinal cord or brain stem hyperthyroidism normal pregnancy
67
dermatomal abnormal sensory
peripheral nerves or roots affected

Year 2 PCM IV final (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions