Neuro Test! Flashcards
Is vision a modality?
Yes
Is smell a modality?
Yes
Is laughter a modality?
No
Cranial Nerve 3 is responsible for what?
Eye movement
Cranial Nerve 8 is responsible for what?
Hearing (sound) and equilibrium
T/F: A-Beta neuronal axons are faster than A-Alpha
False
T/F: A-Beta neuronal axons are faster than A-Delta
True
T/F: A-Gamma neuronal axons are larger than A-Delta
True
T/F: A-Alpha neuronal axons are larger than A-Beta
True
T/F: A-Alpha neuronal axons are faster than A-Beta
True
T/F: B neurons are not myelinated
False
T/F: C neurons are not myelinated
True
T/F: A and B neurons are larger than C neurons
True
T/F: A and B neurons are myelinated
True
T/F: A and B neurons are faster than C neurons
True
T/F: C neurons are responsible for sharp pain
False
T/F: C neurons are responsible for dull pain
True
T/F: A-Gamma is responsible for sharp pain
False
T/F: A-Delta is responsible for sharp pain
True
The tip of the nose is innervated by which division of the trigeminal nerve?
Ophthalmic Division
T/F: In reference to the relative refractory period, an action potential is able to fire during depolarization
False
T/F: You can get an action potential only after the action potential reaches the axon terminal
False
T/F: You can get an action potential just before or during hyperpolarization
True
What are the ions located outside of the cell during resting membrane potential?
Na+ and Cl-
T/F: Sodium and Chloride can cause graded potentials by passing into the cell
True
When Chloride passes into the cell, what do you get? IPSP or EPSP?
IPSP (pushes farther from -55)
When Potassium leaves the cell, what do you get? IPSP or EPSP?
IPSP
When Sodium passes into the cell, what do you get? IPSP or EPSP?
EPSP
If K ions are allowed to flow out of the cell, what would your resting membrane potential be?
Anything lower than -70
Ex. -72 or -75
What is the temporal lobe responsible for?
Processing sensory input into meanings to retain visual memories, language comprehension and emotion
What is the parietal lobe responsible for?
Integrates sensory information
NOT motor control
T/F: The parietal lobe is associated with sensation and voluntary motor control
False, only associated with sensation not motor!
T/F: The gray matter comprised of myelinated axons
False
What is the gray matter mainly comprised of?
Cell bodies
T/F: Only some axons have myelin
True
T/F: All axons have myelin
False
Where do cranial nerves branch off of?
The brain and the brain stem
What is the brainstem made up of?
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
Midbrain
Diencephalon
What is released into axon terminals?
Neurotransmitter, NOT IONS
Do ions get released into the axon terminal?
No
What is a collection of cell bodies located INSIDE the CNS called?
Nucleus
What is a collection of cell bodies located OUTSIDE the CNS called?
Ganglion
T/F: The equilibrium potential for Potassium is the same value as RMP
False
What is the equilibrium potential for Potassium? What about RMP?
-90 and RMP is -70
T/F: In pre-ganglionic autonomic neurons it has its axon passing through the sensory root
False, autonomic is motor control not sensory
T/F: In pre-ganglionic autonomic neurons it has its axon passing through the ventral root
True
T/F: Sympathetic autonomic neurons are both motor and sensory
False, only motor
T/F: Ions can freely pass through the membrane
False, this means ions are LIPID INSOLUBLE
T/F: Leaky channels are always closed
False, they’re always open
T/F: Leaky channels allow ions to pass into and out of the cell
True, Na+ in and K+ out
T/F: Depolarization is dependent on ligand-gated channels
False, they’re dependent on voltage gated channels
Which kind of drug blocks voltage-gated channels?
Anesthetics, analgesics only changes how pain is interpreted
T/F: Spatial or temporal summation allows for graded potentials to be added together so that the post-synaptic neuron can reach threshold
True
T/F: Pre-synaptic neurons that produce IPSPs close to the axon hillock will cause a greater chance of an action potential for that neuron
False
T/F: Split brain patients can tell their left from their right
True
T/F: Neurons carrying pain from the tip of the tongue will synapse on the trigeminal ganglion
False, because trigeminal ganglion is what starts the pathway. its not really going to synapse onto another neuron bcs its alr so close to the brain
T/F: Spinal nerves are motor, sensory or both
False, because they are BOTH
T/F: Cranial nerves are motor, sensory or both
True
If you study for short periods of time everyday for a test on Friday, are you testing your short-term memory or long-term memory
Short-term
T/F: If you were to study for 5 days straight then be tested on that material a week later, you are testing your long-term memory
True
T/F: Sensory neurons for general sensation have dendrites
False, they’re pseudounipolar neurons that only have an axon
T/F: The CNS is made up of brain and spinal cord
True
What neuron in the sensory neuron pathway crosses the midline?
2nd order neuron
T/F: The 2nd order neuron in both sensory and motor neuron pathways cross the midline
False, its only sensory
The 1st neuron in motor crosses the midline, not the 2nd
The diencephalon is comprised of what?
The thalamus and hypothalamus
T/F: The thalamus is part of the relay system for sensory and motor pathways
True
T/F: Afferent are pathways that are coming OUT of the CNS
False, it goes in
Efferent go OUT
How many neurons make up the sensory pathway? What about motor?
3 and motor is 2
***technically autonomic involuntary motor is 3 neurons
Where are the autonomic involuntary motor neurons located?
One starts in the spinal cord and the other is in the ganglion
Rostral is what?
A direction in reference to the BRAIN
T/F: Rostral is moving towards the anterior body
False, not in reference to anatomical position
T/F: Rostral is moving towards the BOTTOM of the brain
False
T/F: Rostral is moving towards the TOP of the brain
False
T/F: Rostral is moving towards the nose
True
T/F: Efferent signals are those going to give motor information to the nose and to the peripherary
True
How many lobes do we have and what are they?
Frontal- personality
Parietal- sensory
Temporal-hearing & memory
Occipital- vision
Insula- emotions
T/F: Coronal is a plane
True
T/F: Spinal nerves are mixed and sensory
True
How many cervical nerves do we have?
8
How many thoracic nerves do we have?
12
Cell is mainly negative because of what?
Phospates and proteins
T/F: Cranial nerves can be sensory only, motor only or both
True
T/F: The involuntary motor control is sensory
False, its motor
T/F: Dendrites have to reach threshold in order for the action potential to begin
False, its only axon hillock
T/F: Sensory neurons ONLY have a ganglion
False, involuntary motor neurons also have a ganglion
When you have sensation in your fingertips, where does the 1st order neuron synapse onto?
It synapses into the spinal cord where the 2nd order neuron is
What horn, dorsal or ventral, is responsible for the 1st order neuron in sensory pathway?
Dorsal, the signal goes in through there from ROOT to ROOTLETS
What horn, dorsal or ventral, is responsible for motor control?
Ventral, the signal goes out of there
What area is responsible for speech production? What about speech comprehension?
Brocus: speech production
Wienercki’s: comprehension
What type of summation is associated with graded potentials close in time?
Temporal summation
Where does the 2nd order sensory pathway neuron synapse onto?
The thalamus!
BONUS Q: stimulation of left facial nerve would result in moving your face bilaterally
FALSE, moves IPSY lateral
BONUS Q: What parasympathetic fibers would be responsible for salivation of oral cavity?
Cranial Nerve #7
BONUS Q: Pt. complains ab tooth #18 and achy pain……
C fibers, the thalamic nuclei
BONUS Q: Pt. presents symptoms of her legs feeling funny…..
Midline of the spinal cord
