Neuro terms

Question 1

Apraxia

Answer 1

The inability to execute a voluntary motor movement even though motor and sensory systems have normal muscle function. Caused by a problem in the cortex of the brain

Question 2

Agnosia

Answer 2

An inability to recognize sensory inputs such as light, sound, and touch).Typically a result of brain injury.

Question 3

Aphasia

Answer 3

Lack of speech

Question 4

Areflexia

Answer 4

Absence of neurologic reflexes

Question 5

Ataxia

Answer 5

Poor coordination due to the brain’s failure to regulate posture and the strength and direction of limb movements. Caused by cerebellar dysfunction

Question 6

Bradykinesia

Answer 6

Slow movements. Associated with impaired ability to adjust the body’s position. Can be a symptom of nervous system disorders

Question 7

Dysphagia

Answer 7

difficulty swallowing

Question 8

Dysphonia

Answer 8

difficulty speaking

Question 9

Dysarthria

Answer 9

Slowed, slurred speech

Question 10

Dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 10

Inability to perforem rapidly alternating movements. Caused by cerebellar lesions

Question 11

Dyslexia

Answer 11

Disability that alters the way the brain processes written material. Due to a defect in the brain’s processing of graphic symbols.

Question 12

Hypertonia

Answer 12

Increased tightness of muscle tone and reduced capacity of the muscle to stretch caused by damage to the motor nerve pathways in the central nervous system.

Question 13

Hyporeflexia

Answer 13

Reduced reflexes

Question 14

Paraplegia

Answer 14

Paralysis of the lower part of the body and legs

Question 15

Quadriplegia

Answer 15

Paralysis of all limbs (due to a spinal cord injury or stroke)

Question 16

Hemiplegia

Answer 16

Paralysis of one side of the body

Question 17

Paresis

Answer 17

Incomplete or slight paralysis

Question 18

Hypaesthesia

Answer 18

reduced pressure, light tough or temperature sensation

Question 19

Anaesthesia

Answer 19

Absent pressure, touch or temperature sensation

Question 20

Hypoalgesia

Answer 20

Reduced pain sensation

Question 21

Hyperalgesia

Answer 21

Severe pain in response to mild stimulus

Question 22

Allodynia

Answer 22

Perception of non-painful stimulus as painful

Question 23

Dystonia

Answer 23

Abnormal distorted posture of the limbs, face or trunk

Relatively sustained. May be generalised, unilateral or focal

Question 24

Athetosis

Answer 24

Slow writhing movements of limbs, face and tongue.

Due to degeneration of globus pallidus

Question 25

Chorea

Answer 25

jerky, random, involuntary movements of limbs, face or trunk

Question 26

Ballismus

Answer 26

Unilateral involuntary ‘flinging’ movements mainly of proximal limb muscles. Due to degeneration of the STN (usually vascular)

Question 27

Myoclonus

Answer 27

Sudden rapid muscular jerk

Question 28

Tremor

Answer 28

Rhythmic or semi rhythmic oscillating movements. Can be resting, postural or intention

Question 29

Aprosodias

Answer 29

inability to determine emotional emphases