Neuro Radiology Lecture Powerpoint

Question 1

Plain films advantages and limitations

Answer 1

+readily available
+easy to interpret
-limited to calcified areas such as bone

Question 2

Indications for a skull series (3)

Answer 2

Trauma, congenital anomalies, and bone neoplasms

Question 3

Indications for a cervical spine series (3)

Answer 3

Fractures, subluxations, or dislocations

Question 4

A cervical lateral projection needs to have visibility down to…

Answer 4

…T1

Question 5

Jefferson fracture

Answer 5

C1 fracture caused by diving into shallow pool, unstable breaking of the atlas

Question 6

Odontoid fracture

Answer 6

C2 fracture caused by hyperflexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion, sheering forces, unstable breaking of the dens

Question 7

Hangman fracture

Answer 7

C2 fracture caused by hyperextension, unstable

Question 8

MRI takes approx ___ while CT is near ___

Answer 8

45 min, immediate

Question 9

Spondylosis vs spondylitis vs spondylolysis vs spondylolethesis

Answer 9

Osteoarthritis of the spine vs inflammation of the joints (look fused) vs fracture of pars interarticularis (scotty dog) vs forward slippage of vertebral body (something leaning wayyy too forward)

Question 10

When to order CT (5)

Answer 10

• Fall over age of 65
• alcoholics
• substantial trauma
• Changes in mental status or being knocked out for over a minute
• new onset seizure

Question 11

Supra vs infratentorial components

Answer 11

4th ventricle is infra while the rest are supra, the cerebellum and brainstem is infratentorial while the thalamus, basal ganglion, and cerebrum are supra

Question 12

Epidural hematoma are ___ in origin, subdural hematoma are ___ in origin

Answer 12

arterial, venous

Question 13

Most common location of epidural hematoma, what is the nickname for this syndrome? How do they need to be treated?

Answer 13

Middle meningeal artery, talk and die syndrome, evacuation to relieve intracranial pressure

Question 14

Subdural hematoma are often caused by ___ or ____

Answer 14

Falls or motor vehicle accident

Question 15

Subarachnoid hemorrhage are often caused by ____, predisposition for them can be caused by…

Answer 15

Aneurysm (sudden tunderclap headache)

-…familial inheritance

Question 16

T1 vs T2 vs Flair MRI

Answer 16

T1 images have CSF appear as dark and T2 images have CSF appear as bright and Flair has T2 images but CSF is attenuated and made dark

Question 17

Limitations to MRI (2)

Answer 17

• Inferior to CT in acute hemorrhage

- Inferior to CT in detection of bony injury

Question 18

Stroke initial assessment is done thru ___ to confirm diagnosis before giving thrombolytic therapy, while later date once stabilized can send thru ___

Answer 18

CT, MRI

Question 19

Cervical meylopathy

Answer 19

Central compression of the spinal cord causing bilateral clumsiness in hands and gait imbalance at the cervical spine

Question 20

PET scans and what 3 things is it used for

Answer 20

• Nuclear medicine exams using a radioactive tracer

- used to detect early stage malignant disease, epilepsy, and dementia

Question 21

Myelogram

Answer 21

A plain x ray or CT with injected dye into the subarachnoid space