Neuro Practical #2 Flashcards
1?
Vermis
8?
Flocules
6?
Nodule
11?
Tonsil
5?
Flocule
8?
Nodule
9?
Uvula
15?
Primary fissure
3!
Anterior Lobe
9?
Posterior Lobe
Red area?
Hemisphere/Lateral Zones
Best seen from rostral/caudal views
4’? (not #4)
Inferior peduncle
seen on inferior aspec best
4?
middle puduncle
Identify, Level?
Inferior puduncle at level of intermediate medulla
Identify, Level?
Inferior Peduncle at level of rostral medulla
Identify, Level?
Middle Peduncle at level of Pons and deep cerebellar nuclei
Identify, Level?
Superior peduncles (and decussation) at level of rostral Pons
2?
Superior peduncle
7?
Inferior Peduncle
4?
Superior Peduncle
5?
Middle Peduncle
Identify, Level?
Superior peduncle (and decussation) at level of caudal midbrain
Identify, Level?
Fastigial nucleus at level of Pons and deep cerebellar nuclei
Identify
Superior Peduncle
Identify, Level?
Interposed nuclei at level of Pons and deep cerebellar nuclei
Identify, Level
Dentate nuclei at level of Pons and deep cerebellar nuclei
Identify, Level?
- *Cortico-Ponto-cerebellar fibers** (not sure if cortico portion is really shown, but they would be afferents from cortex) at level of Pons
- fibers that run within the middle cerebellar peduncles, from the pons to the cerebellum.
Identify, Level?
- *Medullary Velum** (anterior superior portin shown) at level of Pons
- thin lamina of white matter between the two superior cerebellar peduncles
Identify
Olfactory bulb/tract
Identify
Optic Nerve
-SSA
-subserves vision and plr (afferent limb)
-enters via optic canal of sphenoid bone
-axons continue via optic chiasm and optic tract to lgn a thalamic relay nuc that proj to visual ctx area 17 of ox lobe
CLINICAL: transever–>ipsis blindness and loss of plr
Identify
Optic Tract
Identify, Level?
Optic tract at the level of the midbrain-diencephalic juncture
Identify
Optic chiasm
Identify
Oculomotor nerve
-Enters: Sup Orbital Fissure
-Exits:ip fossa mb passes through Cavernous Sinus
-GSE-moves eye, constricts pupil,accomodates, converges
-Supplies MR-adducs
SR-Elevates
IR-Dep
IO-Elev extorts
LP-elevates upper eyeluid
GVE-
-pregang ps fibers
-EWNU-proj to cg of orbit via CN3
-cil ganglion-proj ps fiers to sphincter of iris (miosis) and ciliary muscle (accomodation)
Clinical: transtentorial herniation–>diplopia
-Interruption ps–>dilated and fixed pupil and paralysis of accomodation
-DN LP–>ptosis (droop doggy dog)
-DN EO–> eye look down and out
Identify
Trochlear Nerve
-Enters through SOF
-Passes through CS
-GSE
-innervates SO–>depress,intorts, and abducts
CLINICAL:
Paralysis
-extorsion of eye weak down gaze
-vert diplopia that inc when looking down
-Head tilt to compensate
Trigeminal Nerve
-3 div V1,2,3
-Exits from pons
-GSA-sensory innerve to face
-SVE-innerve muscle of mastication,tensor tymp
CLINICAL:
-Loss face sense
-Loss corneal reflex
-Flaccid paralysis of muscle of mastication
-Jaw Dev to weakside
-Paralysis of TT–>hyperacusis
- *Abducens nerve**
- GSE
- Abducts eye
- CLINICAL
- Convergent strabismus
- cant abduct
- Horiz Diplopia
- *Facial nerve**
- Enters Internal Auditory Meatus
- GSA-INNERVE PST SURFACE INNER EAR
- SVA-Innervates taste budscant 2/3 (CT)
- GVA-Soft Palate
- GVE-P TO LACRIMAL, SUBMANDIB,SUBLINGUAL
- SVE-muscles of facial expression
- CLINICAL
- Flaccid paralysis
- Loss corneal blink
- Hyperacusis
- Bells Palsy-LMN all face muscle messed up
- Central Face Palsy-umn-Upper face
- Croc tears
Vestibulocochlear nerve
-SSA
-Vestibular
maintains balance and mediates hearing
CLINICAL
Disequilibrium,vertigo, and nystagmus
Cochlear
Audition-for american idol?
Clinical
-hearing loss, tinnitus
Glossopharyngeal nerve
GSA-INNERVE EXTERNAL EAR AND EAM
GVA-innerve pharynx, caro sinus, and caro body
SVA-tast buds post 3rd
SVE-stylopharyngeus arises from nuc ambigus duo
GVE-PS TO PAROTID
CLINICAL
lose gag (pharyngeal reflex)
Los caro reflex
Loss tast post 2/3
Gloss neuralgia
Vagus nerve
GSA-it dura,post surface ear,eam,tymp membrane
GVA-mm of pharynx,larynx,esoph,trachea, and thorax ab viscera..swallonging
SVA-taste buds in epiglottis
SVE-pharyng arch muscle of larynx pharynx striated muscle of upper esoph, uvula, lvp and paltoglossal
- efferent limb of gag
-arises from nuc ambig
GVE-Viscera of nec and thor and ab cavities as far as left colic flexure
-pregang ps in NA duo
CLINICAL
Ipsi paralysis of sp,dysphonia (hoarse, dyspnea,dysarthria,dysphagia
-lose gag reflex-moves to opp side lesion
anesth pharynx larynx lead to loss of cough
Spinal Accessory Nerve
SVE
-MEDIATES HEAD AND SHOULDER MOVEMENT
Clinical cant move to side opp lesion
-arises from NUC AMBIGUUS
CLINICAL:
-Cant turn to side opp lesion
-Droopy shoulder
Hypoglossal nerve
GSE-Tongue movement
CLINICAL
-Hemiparalysis of tongue muscle -goes to side of lesion
Area in anterior portion of highlighted area?
(no precise picture found)
Piriform cortex
***parahippocampal gyrus is highlighted
Area 17 (V1)
Area 18 (V2)
3?
Tectum
Thalamus
Yellow portion?
Insula
Area 3,1,2 (postcentral gyrus)
16?
Facial colliculus
13?
Vagal trigone
14?
Hypoglossal trigone
Area in median section to #10?
Obex: where the 4th ventricles meet
Anterior commissure
Putamen is large structure directly above
Blue structure?
Anterior commissure
*pink structure is the fornix
Name the structure that could be pinned directly superior to the optic chiasm that lies between the caudate heads
Anterior commisure
Identify and level?
LGN at midbrain-diencephalic juncture
Identify
LGN
***lateral geniculate body is a structure that can be seen externally on our models, however, it is not on the list
Identify
MGN
***Medial geniculate body is an external structure that can be seen on the models, however, it is not on the list
Identify
MGN
Tan area?
Occulomotor nucleus
Identify and level?
Occulomotor nucleus at midbrain at level of superior colliculus
Identify tan area
Trochlear nucleus
***I uploaded this before I realized it is not on the list, but still shows a good association
Identify
MLF
MLF at intermediate medulla
MLF at rostral medulla
- *MLF**: Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus at Pons
- Located in a dorsomedial position within the medulla and pons;
- consists of both ascending and descending axons arising from vestibular nuclei.
- Ascending axons project to nuclei of CN VI, CN IV, and CN III, while descending axons project to the cervical cord.
MLF at Pons-medulla junction
MLF at midbrain (level of inferior colliculus)
MLF at midbrain (level of superior colliculus)
MLF
nucleus of E-W
nucleus of E-W
nucleus of E-W at midbrain
nucleus of E-W
Edinger Westphal Nucleus
-GVE
-Group of preganglionic para-sympathetic neurons whose axons form the parasympathetic component of CN III.
-use ach as nt
Clinical: Argyle Roberstons Pupil
In syphilitic patients with CNS complications (tabes dorsalis or neurosyphilis), the pupils do not contract in response to light, but they do exhibit constriction as a component of the accommodation reflex
