Neuro physical exam words Flashcards
Fasciculation
Fasciculation = muscle twitch
Dermatome
Dermatome = area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve
what does “Aura” mean in layman terms
Aura = sensation/feeling preceding a condition that affects the brain (such as Migrain or seizure)
Dysdiadochokinesis
hint: break it down into; “Dys - diadocho - kinesis”
Dysdiadochokinesis
- Dys: “bad”
- Diadocho: “succeeding”
- kinesis: “movement”
answer: IMPAIRED ABILITY to perform rapid alternating movement
Adiadochokinesis
hint: break it down; “A - diadocho - kinesis”
Adiadochokinesis
- A: “not”
- Diadocho: succeeding”
- Kinesis: “movement”
answer: NO ABILITY to perform rapid alternating movement
Myotonia
hint: break it down; Myo - tonia
hint: myo = “muscle”
Myotonia = muscle cannot relax
- note: etiology, neuromuscular condition
Hemiplegia
Hemiplegia
- hemi: “half”
- plegia: “paralyzed”
answer: Half paralyzed
(exp: one side of the body cannot move post a stroke)
Akithesia
Hint: break it down; A - kithesia
Akithesia = movement disorder, people cannot sit still because they feel restless
- A: “not”
- Kithesia: “to sit”
Answer: inability to sit still
Delerium
Delerium = acute sudden change in mental status
Dystonia
hint: break it down; Dys - tonia
hint: Tonic-Clonic seizures
Dystonia = uncontrollable muscle contraction
- Dys: “bad”
- tonia:
Answer: muscle contractions uncontrollably
- Tonic-clonic seizures: muscle stiffens –>then body jerks
- Tonic seizures: muscle stiffens (contract)
- Clonic seizures: body jerks (as the main symptom)
Anosmia
Anosmia = inability to smell (exception ammonia)
- note: if pt cannot smell ammonia –>then cause may not be organic
photophobia
hint: break it down; Photo - phobia
Photophobia
- photo: light
- phobia: fear/affraid
Photophobia ≠ fear of light
photophobia = sensitive to light
Dementia
Dementia = slow & progressive cognitive decline
- note includes signs of; impaired short-term memory
Diplopia
hint: break it down; Dipl - Opia
Diplopia
- Dipl: “double”
- Opia: “vision”
Answer: double vision (perceiving two images of one object)
what two lesions in the brain may cause Hypertonia
what two lesions in the brain may cause Hypertonia:
- Upper Motor Lesion (UML)
- extrapyramidal lesions
what two lesions in the brain may cause Hypotonia
what two lesions in the brain may cause Hypotonia:
- Lower Motor Lesion (LML)
- Cerebellar lesion
innervation for this movement: Shoulder ABduction
hint: the same nerves that innervate this move, ALSO innervate Elbow flexion, (think its easier to do shoulders with your forearms flexed)
innervation for this movement: Shoulder ABduction
Answer: C5, C6
innervation for this movement: Shoulder ADduction
innervation for this movement: Shoulder ADduction
Answer: C6, C7, C8
innervation for this movement: Elbow Extension
hint: the spinal nerves that innervate this move DO NOT innervate Elbow flexion
innervation for this movement: Elbow Extension
Answer: C7, C8
innervation for this movement: Elbow Flexion
hint: the spinal nerves that innervate this move DO NOT innervate Elbow extension
Hint: this move has the same innervation as shoulder abduction (think working out shoulders)
innervation for this movement: Elbow Flexion
Answer: C5, C6
innervation for this movement: Wrist extension
hint: wrist flexion has the same innervation
innervation for this movement: Wrist extension
Answer: C7, C8
innervation for this movement: Fingers hand-grip strength
innervation for this movement: Fingers in pt hand-grip strength
Answer: C7, C8
innervation for this movement: Finger ABduction & finger ADduction
innervation for this movement: Finger ABduction & finger ADduction
Answer: C8, T1, median nerve
innervation for this movement: Thumb Opposition
note: making an “O” with thumb & index finger
hint: same innervation as finger AD/AB duction (probs cuz God created us to have a common nerve deal with the extremities of our hands)
innervation for this movement: Thumb Opposition
Answer: C8, T1, median nerve
For a video on Dyskinesia (how to break it down)
name: What is Dyskinesia?
by: NEI Psychopharm
https: //www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fWbeXZF2Xc
For a video on Dyskinesia (how to break it down)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fWbeXZF2Xc
Hip-Flexion (nerves involved)
Hip-Flexion (nerves involved)
Answer: L2, L3
Hip-Extension (nerves involved)
Hip-Extension (nerves involved)
Answer: L5, S1, S2
Hip ABduction (nerves involved)
Hip ABduction (nerves involved)
Answer: L4, L5, S1
Hip ADduction (nerves involved)
Hip ADduction (nerves involved)
Answer: L2, L3, L4
Knee-Flexion (nerves involved)
Knee-Flexion (nerves involved)
Answer: L5, S1
Knee-Extension (nerves involved)
Knee-Extension (nerves involved)
Answer: L3, L4
Ankle-Plantar flexion (nerves involved)
Ankle-Plantar flexion (nerves involved)
Answer: S1, S2
Dorsiflexion (nerves involved)
Dorsiflexion (nerves involved)
Answer: L4, L5
Tarsal joint eversion (nerves involved)
hint: e –>exit, so foot moves outward
Hint: same nerves involved in inversion
Tarsal joint eversion (nerves involved)
Answer: L5, S1
Tarsal joint inversion (nerves involved)
hint: in –>in, so foot moves inward
Hint: same nerves involved in eversion
Tarsal joint inversion (nerves involved)
Answer: L5, S1
