GI physical exam words Flashcards
meaning of “Dysphagia”
Dysphagia = difficulty swallowing
meaning of “Odynophagia”
Odynophagia = pain when swallowing
meaning of “Pruritus”
hint: not purpura (2mm red blood dots on skin)
hint: Petechiae
Pruritus = “itch”
ppl have sensation to scratch
meaning of “Colic-Colicky”
Colic-Colicky =
In adults, colic is a pain, usually intestinal or urinary in nature, that comes and goes and that intensifies and then gradually eases
meaning of “Melaena”
Melaena = dark feces (b/c blood)
meaning of “HaemaTEMESIS”
hint: not HaemaTOCHEZIA
Haematemesis = vomiting blood
meaning of “HaemaTOCHEZIA”
hint: not HaemaTEMESIS
Haematochezia = pass fresh blood through anus
Meaning of “Steatorrhoea”
Steatorrhoea = excess fat in stool
- poop appears: pale, Oily
- poop smells: horrible
meaning of Ileus
hint: no bowel sounds when auscultating abdomen
Ileus = no movement in GIT
meaning of Ascites
hint:
Ascites: fluid build-up in peritoneal cavity –>abdominal swelling
(note: usually because of liver cirrhosis)
meaning of Diverticula
Diverticula = outpouching of GIT wall
- outpouch all layers: Mucosa / Muscularis / Serosa
- can occur anywhere in GIT: esophagus –> rectum
meaning of Postprandial
hint: “postprandial rise”
Postprandial = after a meal
meaning of Glossitis
hint: “itis” means …
Glossitis = inflammation of tongue
meaning of Leucoplakia
hint: “leuko” means “white”
Leucoplakia = thick white patches inside mouth
- etiology: irritation / repeated injury
meaning of Cachectic
Cachectic = wasting of body (thin) b/c of disease
- note: cirrhosis (potential disease)
- note: malignancy (potential disease)
how does Hepatic Encephalopathy” affect level of consciousness?
how does Hepatic Encephalopathy” affect level of consciousness?
Answer: pt is confused, lethargic, obtunded, stuporous
How will a patient with peritoneal irritation (peritonitis) lie down?
peritonitis = pt lie still
what is the laymen term for: Nephrolithiasis
Nephrolithiasis = kidney stones
meaning of: Diaphoresis
Diaphoresis = sweating
meaning of: Leuconychia
&
what should you suspect when you see this
Leuconychia = “white nails”
&
Suspect: liver disease + Leuconychia =» hypoalbuminaemia
Palmar erythema
hint: Palmar & “hema”
Palmar erythema = reddish palms
- usually impact base of palms
Dupuytren’s contracture
Hint: Ring finger
Dupuytren’s contracture = partial flexion of ring finger
- etiology: alcoholism (potentially)
- visible and palpable thickening of palmar fascia
For more info on GIT stuff check out:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK411/#:~:text=Hematochezia%20is%20the%20passage%20of,usually%20in%20or%20with%20stools.
For more info on GIT stuff check out:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK411/#:~:text=Hematochezia%20is%20the%20passage%20of,usually%20in%20or%20with%20stools.
what are the 5 different etiologies for Asterixis?
hint: Asterixis –>dorsiflex wrists
what are the 5 different etiologies for Asterixis?
Answer:
- Liver failure –>hepatic encephalopathy –>asterixis
- Cardiac failure
- Respiratory failure
- Renal failure –>Urea builds up in blood (Uremia) –>asterixis
- Metabolic disease
