Neuro: Pharm - Alzheimer's and Huntington Flashcards
Memantine: MOA
NMDA R antagonist
Helps prevent excitotoxicity of glutamate (mediated by Ca2+)
Alzheimer’s dx
In hippocampus and frontal cortex
Memantine: toxicity
Dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, increased BP
Donepezil: MOA
AChE Inhibitor
Alzheimer’s dx
Donepezil: toxcity
lowest tendency to cause cholinergic SE’s
Nasea, dizziness, insomnia
most AChE inhibitors: salivation, sweating, nasuea, diarrhea, GI cramps, urinary incontinence, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction
Galantamine: MOA
AChE Inhibitor
Alzheimer’s dx
Galantamine: Toxicity
nausea, dizziness, insomnia
significant cholinergic SEs –> salivation, sweating, nausea, diarrhea, GI cramps, urinary incontinence, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction
Rivastigmine: MOA
AChE inhibitor
Alzheimer’s dz
Rivastigmine: toxicity
nausea, dizziness, insomnia
significant cholinergic side effects –> salivation, sweating, nausea, diarrhea, GI cramps, urinary incontinence, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction
Huntington Disease: changes in NTs?
decreased GABA, decreased ACh, increased DA
Tetrabenzine: MOA
inhibit vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT)–>
limits dopamine vesicle packaging and release
Huntington’s Dz
Reserpine: MOA
inhibit vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) –> limits dopamine vesicle packaging and release
Huntington’s Dz
Haloperidol: MOA
DA R antagonist
Huntington’s, antipsychotic
Sumatriptan: MOA
5-HT 1B/1D agonist. Inhitibits trigeminal nerve activation; prevents vasoactive peptide release; induces vasoconstriction. Half life < 2 hrs
Sumatriptan: uses
Acute migraine, cluster headache attacks.
Sumatriptan: toxicity
coronary vasospasm (contraindicated in pts with CAD or Prinzmetal angina), mild tingling
