Neuro Peds - 02 - Orthotics

Question 1

basic rule for LE orthoses when contracture or deformity is present

Answer 1

If a deformity if correctable or flexible, the orthosis will be made in the corrected position

If the deformity if fixed, the orthosis will accomodate the deformity

Question 2

basic rules for skin inspection

Answer 2

ok:

redness is broad, even and dispersed over wide area, and disappears in 10-15 minutes

Question 3

AFO

Answer 3

ankle foot orthosis

Question 4

CTLSO

Answer 4

cervical thoracic lumbar sacral orthosis

Question 5

WHFO

Answer 5

wrist hand forearm orthosis

Question 6

SO

Answer 6

shoulder orthosis

sacral

Question 7

UCB

Answer 7

university of berkley

Question 8

three kinds of shoes to wear with orthoses

Answer 8

accomodating
correcting
support

Question 9

FES

Answer 9

Functional E-STim

indications – upper motor neuron lesion, contraindications – seizures disorder, pace maker
– can they tolerate;

estim can work really well with pediatrics – activating muscle that need to be strengthened; helps if he has had it at home; functional estim goes off every step

Question 10

reasons for KAFO

Answer 10

mod to severe deformity at the knee
instability of the knee
post operative control of motion
paralysis
weakness of hips and this
ROM splinting of gastrocs
critical control needed during stance and swing phase,  in all planes of motion, including the knee joint

Question 11

reasons for HKAFO

Answer 11

upper level lesion spina bifida, with parapodium, made for walking

Question 12

RGO

Answer 12

reciprocating gait orthosis

Question 13

DMO

Answer 13

dynamic movement orthosis

– device with panels to create correctional postures – success with postural stability – does not replace plastic brace – suit can help scapular retraction and hip ER

Question 14

spinal orthosis

Answer 14

for scolisos
correctional force
counter-force

Question 15

cranial remolding

Answer 15

for plagiocephaly -flat on one side, bulge opposite
brachcephaly - flat on the back
scapo - conehead

Question 16

when to start cranial remolding

Answer 16

asap. by 18 months it is too late

Question 17

UE orthoses

Answer 17

tiny hands, don’t need a whole lot
neoprene works on small ones
encourage action and functional position

Question 18

how to know when outgrown

Answer 18

bony alignment no longer aligned

check foot plate, ankle joint, tibia something

Question 19

what do foot orthotics fix?

Answer 19

mild to moderate:
planovalgus
calcaneal valgus or varus
hypotonia with associated midfoot collapse
supination
cavus foot

Question 20

where is critical control needed for foot orthotic?

Answer 20

during stance phase

- in coronal and transverse planes

Question 21

what does SMO help?

Answer 21

moderate to severe:
planovalgus
calcaneal valgus or varus
hypotonia
foot and ankle deformity
excessive ROM at ankle in gait

Question 22

where is critical control needed for SMO?

Answer 22

during stance and swing phase

- in all planes of motion

Question 23

what does AFO help?

Answer 23

moderate to severe:
planovalgus
calcaneal valgus or varus
hypotonia
foot and ankle deformity
foot drop
excessive ROM at joints in gait

Question 24

where is critical control needed for AFO?

Answer 24

during stance and swing phase

- in all planes of motion

Question 25

why use KAFO?

Answer 25

moderate to severe:
deformity at the knee
instability of the knee
post operative conrol of motion
paralysis, weakness of hips and thighs
ROM splinting for gastrocs

Question 26

where is critical control needed for KAFO?

Answer 26

during stance and swing phase

• in all planes of motion
• including the knee joint

Question 27

don’t forget nighttime uses

Answer 27

stretch plantar flexors or dorsiflexors