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PTA - Neuro Peds > Neuro Peds - 01 - Early Normal Reflexes > Flashcards

Neuro Peds - 01 - Early Normal Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

describe Flexor Withdrawal Reflex

A

position: supine
test: noxious stimulus to sole of one foot
response: withdrawal of stimulated LE from stimulus

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2
Q

describe Crossed Extension Reflex

A

position: supine
test: hold one LE at the knee in extension; noxious stimulus to sole of the foot
response: flexion, adduction and then extension of contralateral LE

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3
Q

describe Galant Reflex

A

position: prone
test: stroke along paravertebral line about 1-2” away from spine, from shoulder to buttocks
response: trunk will curve concave to stimulus and remain as long as stimulus is presented

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4
Q

describe Placing Reflex

A

position: supported in vertical
test: move the child so dorsum of one foot brushes against table edge
response: child will flex the stimulated LE and place the foot on the table
* also UE placing reflex

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5
Q

describe Stepping Reflex

A

position: supported in vertical
test: stand child over table with feet touching the surface. incline child forward and gently move forward
response: alternating, rhythmical and coordinated stepping

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6
Q

describe Positive Supporting Reflex

A

position supported in vertical

test: allow firm contact of child’s feet with floor or table
response: bilateral LEs extend with contraction of flexors and extensors into weight bearing

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7
Q

describe Plantar Reflex

aka ________

A

Babinski Sign

position: supine
test: stroke lateral aspect of the sole of the child’s foot from the heel towards the toes.
response: toe extension

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8
Q

describe Plantar Grasp Reflex

A

position: supine
test: place firm pressure against the plantar surface of the child’s foot below the toes.
response: plantar flexion of all toes
* also Palmar Grasp Reflex

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9
Q

describe Moro Reflex

A

position: supine
test: quickly tip child backwards to allow a 30 degree head drop
repsonse: child should startle by quickly extending, abducting shoulders, extending and abducting fingers, crying. in 2-3 seconds, shoulders flex and adduct to bring UE back to chest

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10
Q

describe Suck/Swallow Reflex

A

position: supine
test: place a finger into the child’s mouth
response: rhythmical sucking and spontaneous swallow

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11
Q

describe

Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

A

postion: supine
test: turn child’s head slowly to one side and hold gently
repsonse: arm and leg extend on face side, arm and leg flex on skull side

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12
Q

describe

Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

A

position: supine over examiner’s knees or quadruped
test: passive or active neck extension and flexion
repsonse: neck extension produces UE extension and LE flexion, neck flexion causes UE flexion and LE extension

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13
Q

describe

Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)

A

position: supine, prone
test: passively attempt to lift child’s head from surface
response: supine - extensor tone dominates in body; prone - flexor tone dominates in body
* Landau Reflex (vertical suspension)

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14
Q

describe Rooting Reflex

A

position: supine
test: stroke perioral skin at corners of the mouth toward cheek. stroke upper lip toward cheek. stroke lower lip toward cheek.
response: head turns toward stimulus; mouth opens and neck extends; mouth opens and neck flexes

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15
Q

describe Traction Reflex

A

position: supine
test: grasp child’s wrist and pull toward sitting position
response: flexion of shoulders, elbows, wrist, fingers

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16
Q

describe Labyrinthine Righting Reaction

A

position: supported in vertical in space
test: occlude child’s vision; tilt child anterior, posterior, lateral about 45 degrees
response: head orients immediately to vertical and is steady

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17
Q

describe Body on Head Righting Reaction (BOH)

A

position: prone
test: occlude child’s vision; observe
response: head orients to vertical and is steady

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18
Q

describe Neck on Body Righting Reaction (NOB)

A

position: supine
test: flex child’s head and rotate slowly to one side and hold
response: child will turn in direction of head turning, in order of shoulders, trunk, pelvis to side or prone

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19
Q

describe Body on Body Righting Reaction (BOB)

A

position: supine
test: flex one leg and rotate it across the pelvis to the opposite side
response: child will roll segmentally in order of trunk shoulders, head

20
Q

describe Protective Extension Reaction

A

position: sitting with legs in front
test: quickly push child forward (or sideways or backwards) about 45 degrees
response: child will quickly throw extended UEs in front (or of displaced side or behind trunk) to break fall

21
Q

describe Staggering Reaction

A

position: standing
test: push child in different directions to displace COG off BOS
response: child takes one or more steps in direction of displacement to correct posture

22
Q

describe Visual Placing Reaction

A

position: supported in vertical
test: move child forward towards a tabletop or floor
response: leg flexion, then extension to place foot on top of table or floor
* also Visual Placing Reaction for UEs

23
Q

describe Optical Righting Reaction

A

position: supported in vertical
test: tilt child anterior, posterior, lateral about 45 degrees
response: child orients head to vertical and is steady

24
Q

describe Equilibrium Reactions - Prone/Supine

A

position: prone/supine on moveable surface
test: move child lateral to perimeter of base of support
response: child curves trunk (concave) toward displacement; head rotates toward upper side and UE/LE (upper side) may abduct

25
Q

describe Equilibrium Reactions - Sitting

A

position: sitting on moveable surface
test: move child to perimeter of base of support
response: child curves trunk (concave) toward displacement; head rotates toward upper side and UE/LE (upper side) may abduct

26
Q

describe Equilibrium Reactions - Kneeling/Standing

A

position: kneeling/standing on moveable surface
test: move child to perimeter of base of support
response: child curves trunk (concave) toward displacement; head rotates toward upper side; UE/LE (lower side) may extend, abduct; UE/LE (concave side) may extend, abduct

27
Q

which 8 reflexes are at CNS Level = Spine?

A 
flexor withdrawal
crossed extension reflex
galant reflex
placing reflex
stepping reflex
positive supporting reflex
plantar reflex
plantar grasp reflex
28
Q

which 5 reflexes are at CNS Level = Medulla?

A 
moro reflex
suck/swallow reflex
ATNR
STNR
TLR
29
Q

which 2 reflexes are at CNS Level = Pons?

A

rooting reflex

traction reflex

30
Q

which 3 reactions are at CNS Level = Midbrain?

A

righting
- labyrinthine righting reaction
- BOH
- NOB
- BOB
protective
- protective extension reaction - forward
- protective extension reaction - sideways
- protective extension reaction - backwards
staggering reaction

31
Q

which reactions are at CNS Level = Cortex?

A 
visual placing reaction
optical righting reaction
equilibrium reaction - prone
equilibrium reaction - supine, sitting
equilibrium reaction - kneeling
equilibrium reaction - standing
32
Q

which 6 reflexes have a duration from Birth to 2 months?

A 
flexor withdrawal
crossed extension reflex
galant reflex
placing reflex
stepping reflex
positive supporting reflex
33
Q

which 1 reflex has a duration from Birth to 3 months?

A

rooting reflex

34
Q

which 2 reflexes have a duration from Birth to 5 months?

A

suck/swallow reflex

traction reflex

35
Q

which 3 reflex/reactions have a duration from Birth to 6 months?

A

moro reflex
ATNR
TLR

36
Q

which 2 reflexes have a duration from Birth to 9 months?

A

plantar reflex

plantar grasp reflex

37
Q

which reaction has a duration from 10 months to adult?

A

protective extension reaction - backwards

38
Q

which reaction has a duration from 12 months to adult?

A

equilibrium reaction - kneeling

39
Q

which reaction has a duration from 15 months to adult?

A

equilibrium reaction - standing

40
Q

which reaction has a duration from 18 months to adult?

A

staggering reaction

41
Q

which reactions have a duration from 2 months to adult?

A

labyrinthine righting reaction
BOH
optical righting reaction

42
Q

which reflex has a duration of 4 months to 12 months?

A

STNR

43
Q

which reactions have a duration from 5 months to adult?

A

visual placing reaction

equilibrium reaction - prone

44
Q

which reactions have a duration from 6 months to 5 years?

A

NOB

BOB

45
Q

which reactions have a duration from 7 months to adult?

A

protective extension reaction - forward

protective extension reaction - sideways

46
Q

which reactions have a duration from 8 months to adult?

A

equilibrium reaction - supine, sitting

PTA - Neuro Peds (14 decks)

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