Neuro Meds Flashcards
- Indications: Cause pupil dilation
- Considerations: Allows ophthalmic exam of the retina
Atropine Sulfate
- Indications: Cause pupil dilation
- Considerations: Allows ophthalmic exam of the retina
Atropine Sulfate
Indications: Mydriasis/cycloplegia (paralyze the eye) in diagnostic procedures.
Considerations: Compress lacrimal sac for 1-2 minutes after administration to decrease and systemic absorption. CNS symptoms
Use of sunglasses after since everything is so bright.
Cyclopentolate (AK Pentolate)
Used for Open Angle Glacucoma
Action: Decrease aqueous humor production
timolol, levobunolol, betaxolol
Beta-blockers
Side effects: Can have systemic effects, including bradycardia, exacerbation of pulmonary disease, and hypotension
timolol, levobunolol, betaxolol
Beta-blockers
Contraindicated in patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, second- or third-degree heart block, bradycardia, or heart failure
educate patients about punctal occlusion to limit systemic effects
timolol, levobunolol, betaxolol
Beta-blockers
Treatment for Acute & Chronic glaucoma
Increase aqueous fluid outflow by contracting the ciliary muscle and causing miosis (constriction of the pupil) and opening of trabecular meshwork
1-2gtts up to 6x day
(miotics) (pilocarpine, carbachol intraocular)
Cholinergics
Side effects: Periorbital pain, blurry vision, difficulty seeing in the dark, tachycardia
(miotics) (pilocarpine, carbachol intraocular)
Cholinergic
Decrease aqueous humor production
acetazolamide, dorzolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
brinzolamide - TOP
acetazolamide - PO, IV
Administration of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Side effects of what medicine?
Boxed warning: Stevens-Johnson syndrome and blood dyscrasias
Paresthesias
Upset stomach
Metabolic acidosis
Frequent urination
brinzolamide (Azopt); acetazolamide; dorzolamide
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Nursing Implications
Do not administer to patients with sulfa allergies; monitor electrolyte levels.
acetazolamide, dorzolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibtors
Treatment of open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Decrease production, Increase outflow
Do not use with MAOI, 1gtt TID
brimonidine tartrate
Alpha 2 Adrenergic Agonist
Side effects
- Dizziness,
- drowsiness,
- unsteadiness,
- nausea and vomiting,
- diplopia,
- mild leukopenia
carbamazepine
Toxic Effects
Severe skin rash, blood dyscrasias, hepatiti
carbamazepine
anticonvulsant
Dizziness,
somnolence,
double vision,
fatigue,
nausea,
vomiting,
loss of coordination,
abnormal vision,
abdominal pain,
tremor,
abnormal gait
Toxic Effects: Hepatotoxicity
oxcarbazepine
anticonvulsant
Treatment of myclonics seizures
10-15mg/kg/day up to 60mg/kg/day
valproic acid
antipileptic drug
Tauradol, zufran may be used for what condition?
Client with chronic headaches
Indications
Reduce pain from an acute migraine-inhibits prostaglandin synthesis
naproxen sodium
NSAIDS
Adverse effects
Bronchospasm
Anaphylaxis
GI bleeding and upset
Black box warning: Increase risk for cardiovascular events and GI bleeding
Contraindications: Allergies, pregnancy/lactation
Nursing: Take with meals
naproxen sodium
NSAIDS
migraines
Indications
- Used to reduce pain related to migraine or tension headache
- Each component has adverse effects and contraindications
acetaminophen, aspirin, caffeine (excedrine migraine, anacin headache formula)
Consider a polypharmacy
Nursing managment
- Take with food
- Watch for bleeding
- Palpitations
acetaminophen, aspirin, caffeine (excedrine migraine, anacin headache formula)
consider a polypharmacy
Indications
- Prevention and abortion of migraine attacks in adults
- Produces stimulation of the cranial and peripheral vascular smooth muscles while depressing the effects of the central vasomotor centers, constricts and peripheral blood vessels
- One tab sublingual at first of headache. Repeat at 30 minute intervals for a total of 3 tabs.
ergot alkaloids
ergotamine tartrate (ergomar)
Adverse effects
Cardiovascular-tachycardia, vasospasm, hypertension, vertigo, muscle pain
Nursing: Monitor BP and pulse
ergot alkaloids
ergotamine tartrate (ergomar)
