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PCMII final > Neuro exam > Flashcards

Neuro exam Flashcards

1
Q

what dzs are associated with abrupt onset neurological sxs

A

cerebral hemorrhage
vascular dz
infection
head trauma

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2
Q

what dzs are associated with progressive neurological sxs

A

neoplasm

degenerative dz

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3
Q

what dzs are associated with intermittent neurological sxs

A

demyelinating dz

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4
Q

what must be eliminated before dementia can be dx

A

depression and delerium

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5
Q

what do you have to do before testing CN I

A

make sure nasal passages are clear

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6
Q

what is evaluated by the near response

A
  • pupillary constriction
  • medial rectus (convergence)
  • ciliary m (lens accomodation)
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7
Q

what is presbyopia

A

farsightedness AKA impaired NEAR vision

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8
Q

what is the progression of CN III sxs from space occupying masses

A

first pupil dilation and fixation

THEN down and out position

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9
Q

what CN is responsible for inward rotation, downward and lateral movement

A

CN IV

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10
Q

what CN is responsible for only lateral movement

A

CN VI

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11
Q

what CN lesion is assoc w/ vertical diplopia and how might this present

A

CN VI, difficulty reading for walking down stairs

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12
Q

in CN IV which way does the head tilt

A

opposite to the lesion

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13
Q

what is the most common isolated nerve palsy

A

VI

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14
Q

what CN lesion is associated with convergent strabisus or esotropia

A

CN VI

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15
Q

what CN lesion is assoc w/ horizontal diplopia

A

CN VI

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16
Q

when is physiologic nystagmus seen? which direction is the beat?

A

seen in extreme deviation of gaze

eye beats in opposite direction of gaze

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17
Q

what CNs are evaluated by the corneal reflex

A

V and VII

18
Q

which way does the jaw deviate in a trigeminal lesion

A

toward the weak side

19
Q

what CN is responsible for saliva and tear secretion

A

VII

20
Q

what CN lesion causes hyperacusis (inc sensitivity to sound)

A

VII

21
Q

aberrant regeneration of what CN causes crying w/ chewing

A

VII

22
Q

supranuclear or central facial palsy spares what part of the face

A

upper

23
Q

what CN lesion is associated w/ disequilibrium and nystagmus

A

vestibular division of CN VIII

24
Q

what CN lesion is assoc with sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus

A

cochlear div of CN VIII

25
Q

if the pt can swallow, what CN lesions can be ruled out

A

IX and X

26
Q

how does CN XII lesion present on exam

A

tongue deviates ipsi

cannot push tongue into CONTRA cheek

27
Q

what muscle and spinal level are responsible for plantarflexion

A

gastrocnemius, S1

28
Q

what muscle and spinal level are responsible for dorsiflexion

A

tibialis anterior (L4, L5)

29
Q

what is a pattern of weak EXTENSION of the arms and weak FLEXION of the legs called and what lesion is it assoc w/

A

pyramidal pattern of weakness

UMN lesion

30
Q

what is a pattern of weak FLEXION of the arms and weak EXTENSION of the legs called and what lesion is it assoc w/

A

peripheral pattern of weakness

LMN dz

31
Q

heel walking and pronator drift test for lesions of what tract

A

CST

32
Q

in what dzs is a scissoring gait seen

A

cerebral palsy and MS

33
Q

what is a gait with high stepping and a broad base called and when is it seen

A

sensory ataxia, seen in posterior column damage and peripheral neuropathy

34
Q

in what dzs is a magnetic gait seen

A

frontal lobe processes

hydrocephalus

35
Q

what is indicated by a waddling pelvis

A

myopathy

36
Q

how is a positive babinski sign recorded

A

toe up going

37
Q

is clonus associated with UMN or LMN lesion

A

UMN

38
Q

what dermatomes are evaluated by the abd reflex

A

T10-12

39
Q

what is kernigs sign

A

pt has neck pain with hip flexion

+ meningitis

40
Q

what is brudzinski’s sign

A

pts knees raise when you lift their head

+ meningitis

PCMII final (4 decks)

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