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Peds EOR > Neuro/developmental > Flashcards

Neuro/developmental Flashcards

1
Q

When should a term infant who is breast feeding regain weight?
Formula feeding?

A

Breast- 2 wks

Formula- 10 days

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2
Q

How much weight is a child excepted to gain in the first 3 months?

Length?

A

20-30 g/day or 1kg/mo

1.5-2.5 cm/mo for first 6 mo then 1 cm/mo for second 6 mo

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3
Q

When does child double bw? Triple?

A

Doubles by 5th month

Triples by 1st birthday

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4
Q

Genetic short stature

A

Normal in first few mo then growth percentiles decline in first 2-3 yrs

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5
Q

Signs of FTT

A 
Subcutaneous fat loss
Muscle atrophy
Alopecia
Lagging behind norms
Lethargy

Kwashiorkor/marasmus
Infection
Dermatitis

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6
Q

2 mo

A

Head up prone

Social smile

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7
Q

4 mo

A

Rolls over
Laughs and squeals
Regards hand

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8
Q

6 mo

A

Sits well unsupported
Babbles
Rolls prone to supine

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9
Q

9 mo

A

Pincer grasp-immature
Crawls
Mama/dada or bye bye

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10
Q

12 mo

A

Walks with one hand held
Knows 1-3 words
Follows one step command with gesture

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11
Q

2 yrs

A 
Walks up and down stairs
Runs
Kicks ball
2-3 word phrases
Pronouns
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12
Q

3 yrs

A

Copies a circle
Pedals a tricycle
Plays simple games

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13
Q

6 yrs

A

Draws a person with 6 parts

Ids left vs right

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14
Q

4 yrs

A

Hops on 1 foot
Tells. Story
Throws overhand
Can ID 4 body parts

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15
Q

5 yo

A

Copies triangle
Catches ball
Partially dresses self
Writes name

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16
Q

Moro reflex

A

Birth to 5-6 mo

Allow head to fall back and response should be symmetric extensions, addiction and then flexion of limbs

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17
Q

Startle reflex

A

Birth to 5-6 mo

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18
Q

Galant reflex

A

Birth to 2-6 mo

Stroke parameter real region of back and pelvis will move towards stimulated side

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19
Q

Sucking reflex

A

Becomes voluntary at 3 mo

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20
Q

Babinski reflex

A

Birth to 4 mo
Stroke from toes to heel
Fanning of toes

21
Q

Tonic neck

A

Birth to 6-7 mo
While supine rotate head laterally
Response is extension of limbs on chin side and flexion of limbs on opposite side

22
Q

Rooting reflex

A

Less prominent after 1 mo

Stroke finger from mouth to earlobe and baby will turn head toward stimulus and open mouth

23
Q

Palmar/plantar grasp

A

Birth to 2-3 mo
Stimulate palm or plantar surface of foot
Palmar grasp or plantar flexion

24
Q

Parachute reflex

A

Appears at 9 mo and remains throughout life

Horizontal suspension and quick thrusting movement toward surface will cause extremities to extend

25
Q

Global developmental delay

A

Significant delay in 2 or more areas of development

26
Q

What part of sleep do nightmares occur in? sleep terrors? sleep walking?

A

nightmares occur during REM

night terrors and sleep walking occur during non-REM

27
Q

What sinuses are present at birth

A

ethmoid and maxillary

28
Q

Meningitis tx for neonates

A

ampicillin and cefotaxime (or gentamicin)

29
Q

Meningitis tx for infants up to 3 mo

A

ampicillin and cefotaxime (or gentamicin) w/ higher doses of cefotaxime or ceftriaxone

30
Q

Meningitis tx for >3 mo- 55 yo

A

cefotaximine or ceftriaxone + vancomycin

31
Q

Meningitis tx for hosp acq, immunocompromised or post neuro surg

A

ampicillin + ceftazidime + vanc

32
Q

Febrile seizure tx

A

If >5 min → lorazepam

Intubation if breathing compromised

Electrolytes and glucose if >5 min

Parents may be taught how to give rectal lorazepam oncefor recurrent febrile seizures

If SE→ emergent mgmt with antiep, lorazepam, cooling blanket and antipyretics

Prevent w/ acetaminophen at first sign of fever

33
Q

Absence seizure tx

A

ethosuximide (kids usually outgrow)

34
Q

complex seizure

A

LOC

35
Q

simple seizure

A

no LOC

36
Q

generalized seizure

A

total body

37
Q

partial seizure

A

specific focal sx

38
Q

absence seizure

A

no post ictal, starting and stopping sentences, see teacher on one topic then all of a sudden another

39
Q

SE

A

seizure ongoing for ≥ 10 min

40
Q

Generalized, simple and complex partial seizure tx

A

carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproic acid, gabapentin, topiramate, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, zonisamide

41
Q

SE tx

A

patent airway, manage hyperthermia, diazepam or lorazepam IV until seizure stops, phenytoin or fosphenytoin

42
Q

teething 6-7 mo (6-7 yr perm)

A

central incisor

43
Q

teething 7-9 mo (7-8 yr perm)

A

lateral incisior

44
Q

teething 16-18 mo (9-12 y perm)

A

cuspids

45
Q

teething 12-14 mo (6-7 yr perm)

A

1st molars

46
Q

teething 20-24 mo (11-13 yo perm)

A

2nd molars

47
Q

teething 10-12 yo

A

1st and 2nd bicuspids

48
Q

Turner syndrome presentation

A

Shortstatute, webbed neck, no breast development, prominent ears, low posterior hairline, broad chest, widely spaced nipples, ↑ crrying angle

Primary amenorrhea, ovarian dysgenesis, absence of secondary sex characteristics, coarctation of aorta, horseshoe kidney, aortic stenosis

49
Q

Turner syndrome etiology

A

45, X0

Peds EOR (14 decks)

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