neuro conditions exam 2

Question 1

frontal lobe responsible for

Answer 1

voluntary movement and judgment, memory for language, personality and broca’s area motor speech control

Question 2

damage to parietal lobe results in difficulties with

Answer 2

auditory and visual discrimination

Question 3

cerebellum is responsible for

Answer 3

coordinating muscle movement timing and force

Question 4

An ACA stroke primarily affects

Answer 4

motor and sensory areas for leg and foot

motor planning areas- prefrontal cortex

Question 5

temporal lobe responsible for

Answer 5

memory emotions recpetive language, auditory adn visual discrimnation, ability to recognize faces; perception of written language

Question 6

parietal lobe functions

Answer 6

attention, behavior, praxis, spatial relations, tactile discrimnation, reflexive responses to pain adn temperature

Question 7

occipital lobe

Answer 7

vision and perception

Question 8

brainstem functions

Answer 8

autonomic functions; heartbeat respiration blood pressure/flow; perpsiration, arousa, sleep, reflexive actions- gagging, vomiting, swallowing coughing

Question 9

likely affected by MCA stroke

Answer 9

motor and sensory areas for the face, trunk, arm adn hand

Question 10

lobe involved in tactile discrimnation and spatial relations

Answer 10

temporal

Question 11

condition often leads to increased muscel tone and hyoertonia

Answer 11

spasticity

Question 12

damage to brainstem likely to impact

Answer 12

heartbeat and respiratory functions

Question 13

MCA- middle cerebral artery

Answer 13

primary motor and sensory cortices for face, trunk, arm and hand; impacts frontal and parietal lobe; optic radiations (visual tract); corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts; basal ganglia

Question 14

ACA- anterior cerebral artery

Answer 14

primary motor and sensory cortices for leg and foot; motor planing areas prefrontal cortex

Question 15

PCA posterior cerebral artery

Answer 15

primary visual areas; optic radiations (visual tract) ; temporal lobe; multimodal association areas (sensory relay )

Question 16

anterior cord syndrome

Answer 16

loss of motor control, diminished pain and temp /////
pressure and joint sensation, proprioception, vibrations and fine touch are kept

Question 17

posterior/ dorsal cord injury

Answer 17

loss of fine touch, vibration and decreased proprioceptions// intact pain adn temperature

Question 18

central cord syndrome

Answer 18

loss of pain adn temperature // loss of functions in UEs more than LEs

Question 19

cuneocerebellar tract and rostral spinocerebellar tract lesion

Answer 19

ipsilateral UE and trunk proprioceptions

Question 20

ACA lesions

Answer 20

contralateral LE sensory loss

Question 21

MCA lesions

Answer 21

contralateral sensory loss of UE, LE and face

Question 22

brown-sequard syndrome

Answer 22

loss of touch, vibration and proprioception ipsilaterally
loss of pain and temp contralaterally

Question 23

upper motor neuron

Answer 23

pareisis or plegia; spasticity; hypertonocity; hyperreflexia; postive banbinskis sign

Question 24

Lower motor neuron problem

Answer 24

flaccidity ; fibrillations or fasiculations; hypotonia; hypo- or areflexia

Question 25

basal ganglia injury can cause

Answer 25

bradykinesia; chorea

Question 26

intentiona tremor is injury to

Answer 26

cerebellar

Question 27

Spasticity pharmacology systemic

Answer 27

systemic impacting entire body- oral baclofen; dantrolene; diazepam

Question 28

spasiticy pharmacology regional

Answer 28

ITB - intrathecal baclofen therapy ; doesnt impact entire body ; able to target spasticity ; fewer side affects

Question 29

spasticity focal

Answer 29

alcohol, botox and phenol

Question 30

spasticity neurological surgical interventions and orthopedic

Answer 30

selective dorsal rhizotomy sdr muscle denervation// tendon relocation// tendon release

Question 31

Subdural hematoma

Answer 31

bleeding between dura mater and arachnoid mater/// letharygy, visual changes; memory deficits; nausea; dizziness

Question 32

concussion

Answer 32

head trauma including violent shaking of head and upper body /// headache, ringing in ears, blurred vision; symptoms can occur immediately or days after

Question 33

Cerebral contusions

Answer 33

scattered bleeding along surface of brain tissue; brain hits opposite sides of skull- coup-countercoup;; most often in frontal and temporal lobe

Question 34

diffuse axonal injury DAI

Answer 34

sheering or twisting of axonal fibers; associated with coma adn poor outcomes

Question 35

TBi diagnosis and treatment

Answer 35

CT scan first; ventilator/trachetomy ; catheters; seizure management

Question 36

ranchos level 1no response

Answer 36

no response to any type of stimuli - total assist

Question 37

level II ranchos generalized response

Answer 37

generalizaed response; and potentially delayed responses to stimuli

Question 38

LEVEL III ranchos localized response

Answer 38

inconsitenlty responds directly to type of stimulus and may respond to familar people

Question 39

Level IV ranchos CONFUSED/AGITATED

Answer 39

short attention span , hyperactive, spontaneous functional movements. absent short term memory

Question 40

lEVEL V, confused inappropraite, non-agitated

Answer 40

not oriented, may respond to simple comma ds, complete habitual or demonstrated task , inappropraite behavior and verbalizations

Question 41

Level VI confused, appropraite

Answer 41

inconsitent orientation, attention uo to 30 minute without distraction/familiar tasks with mod a, LTM improving, still requires mAX A with STM tasks , lacks awareness of impairments

Question 42

level VII automatic

Answer 42

respinse ribot like, judgment, problem solving lacking

Question 43

skills traIning

Answer 43

BEHAVIORAL SKILLS, SOCIAL SKILLS, FUNCTIONAL SKILLS; psychosocial

Question 44

Brain injury interventions

Answer 44

Physical activity; skills training- behavioral, emotional and psychosocial; education; functional skills training; goal attainment and goal directed interventions ; CBT