Neuro-Cholinergic And Adrenergics Flashcards
What is the relation of contraction of the iris sphincter and ciliary muscle on aqueous flow
Increased contraction of the iris sphincter (PNS) results in increased flow, therefore lower intraocular pressure and decreased glaucoma
What is Cevimeline used to treat
Dry mouth associated with Sjogren’s syndrome (similarly to pilocarpine)
What are the major contraindications to using mAChR agonists
Asthma, hyperthyroidism, coronary insufficiency, peptic ulcer disease
How well are choline esters absorbed
Charged, so poorly absorbed and distributed to CNS
What is the order of choline esters metabolized by AChE
ACh > methacholine > carbachol=bethanechol
How well are alkaloids absorbed
Uncharted tertiary amines, so well absorbed and can cross the BBB
What are the effects of alpha 1 receptors
- Vasoconstriction (INcreased MAP)
- Pupil dilation
- urinary and prostatic sphincter Activation
- Decreased HR (baroreflex response)
What type of G protein is used in alpha 1
Gq
What type of G protein is used on alpha 2
Gi
What type of G protein is used in beta 1
Gs
What type of G protein is used in Beta 2
Gs
What are the effects of activation of alpha 2 receptors
Overall inhibitory
- Decreased insulin released
- Decreased NT release
- Decreased lipolysis
- Decreased aqueous humor production
What is the effect of Beta 1 activation
Increased heart rate
Increased heart contractility
Increased vasodilation (Decreased MAP)
Increased renin
What is the affect of beta 2 activation
Bronchodilation Increased vasodilation Increased insulin Increased aqueous humor production Increased uterine relaxation
How does NE get back into the noradrenergic neurons
NE transporter (NET)
