Neuro anatomy

Question 1

cell body

Answer 1

soma

Question 2

axon

Answer 2

Extension of the neuron that SENDS electric msg

Question 3

myelin sheath

Answer 3

(axon)

• fatty tissue that covers the axon
• protects axon
• speeds up msg

Question 4

glial cells

Answer 4

(axon)

-connects myelin to axons

Question 5

terminal button

Answer 5

(axon) (synaptic kneb)
- branched at the end of the axon
- contains neurotransmitters

Question 6

synaptic vessicle

Answer 6

(axon)

-container of spec. neurotransmitters (garage) (serotonin, etc.)

Question 7

dendrite

Answer 7

neuron extension that RECEIVES chemical msgs

Question 8

synaptic gap

Answer 8

area between dendrite and axon

Question 9

synapse

Answer 9

actual connections between neurons (non-physical)

Question 10

neural transmission

Answer 10

electro-chemical process
-terminal buttons are stimulated by receiving +ions & release neurotransmitters into the synaptic gap which are received by the dendrite

Question 11

threshold

Answer 11

when the dendrite has received its limit of neurotransmitters (sodium & potassium switch places, and cause action potential)

Question 12

action potential

Answer 12

the electric firing of a neuron

Question 13

all or nothing principle

Answer 13

neurons either fire or don’t

Question 14

refectory period

Answer 14

reset & recharge

-70mb

Question 15

saltatory conduction

Answer 15

electricity jumps from node to node, speeding up the msg (from outside)

Question 16

reuptate

Answer 16

when neurotransmitters return to the terminal button

Question 17

2 types of neurons

Answer 17

• excitatory (increase the likelihood that the neuron will fire an action potential)
• inhibitory (decrease the likelihood that the neuron will fire an action potential)