neuro

Question 1

menieres

Answer 1

triad

vertigo, sensisorineural hearing loss and tinnitus.

Question 2

Foster Kennedy syndrome

Answer 2

inferior frontal lobe tumour.

It causes optic atrophy in one eye and papilloedema in the other.

Question 3

Gerstmann syndrome

Answer 3

agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia, left right disorientation

Question 4

Wallenberg’s syndrome

Answer 4

– Ipsilateral loss of facial pain and temperature(due to trigeminal spinal nucleus and tract involvement).

– Contralateral loss of pain and temperature(due to damage to the spinothalamic tract).

– Ipsilateral palatal, pharyngeal, and vocal cord paralysis with dysphagia and dysarthria (due to involvement of the nucleus ambiguus).

– Ipsilateral Horner syndrome (due to affection of the descending sympathetic fibers).

– Ipsilateral cerebellar signs and symptoms (due to involvement of the inferior cerebellar peduncle and cerebellum).

– Vertigo, nausea, and vomiting (due to involvement of the vestibular nuclei).

– Occasionally, hiccups (singultus) attributed to lesions of the dorsolateral region of the middle medulla and diplopia (perhaps secondary to involvement of the lower pons).