Neuro Flashcards
First line tx for pseudotumor cerebri (looks like pt has mass but don’t actually see one when imaging)
Acetazolamide (decreases CSF production by inhibiting choroid plexus anhydrase)
T/F: GBS is always preceded by GI illness/diarrhea
false, can be after URI
Tx for GBS
IVIG or Plasmapharesis
CSF fluid in GBS pt
Increased protein, normal wbc, normal glucose, normal rbc
+ Ice pack test
Myasthenia Gravis…ice pack leads to improvement of ptosis
Dementia + hallucinations/cognitive fluctuations/parkinsonism
Lewy body dementia
Abortive tx for migraines
Sumatriptan, NSAID, Metoclopromide (anti-emetic)
Prophylactic (preventative) for migraines
Topiramate, Propranolol
Patient is having a suspected stroke. Next step in mgmt?
CT head without contrast: Rule out intracranial hemorrhage
Sxs of Subarachnoid hemorrhage (i.e. hemorrhagic stroke)
Sudden-onset of severe headache that may be ass. with brief loss of consciousness, N/V, meningismus
(ischemic stroke has acute onset neuro sxs w/o HA or LOC)
T/F: You expect to see neuromuscular (asterixis, bradykinesia) and focal neuro deficits in metabolic encephalopathy
False, no neuro deficits
Ataxia, encephalopathy, ocular dysf(x)
Wernicke Encephalopathy –> most commonly seen in malnourished pts/alcoholics
Riluzole is a _____ inhibitor used to tx ______
Glutamate inhibitor; ALS
What is myasthenic crisis and what precipitates it?
Increased general/oropharyngeal weakness + respiratory insufficiency/dyspnea. ppt by infection, surgery, meds. Tx = intubation + Plasmapharesis/IVIG (not increasing MG drugs)
weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, flat t waves, diuretic use
Hypokalemia
fluid-filled cavity within cervical and thoracic spinal cord most commonly ass. with Chiari I
Syringomyelia
Areflexic weakness in UE + sensory loss in a cape distribution
Syringomyelia
Degeneration of the dorsal and lateral white matter/tracts of spinal cord
= Subacute combined degen = B12 def
impaired vibration/proprioception + spastic muscle weakness
Tx for tic doulereux (trigeminal neuralgia)
Carbamazepine
T/F: Weakness and muscle wasting is seen in LMN lesion, not UMN lesion
False, it can be seen in both `
How to tx cancer pain?
Mild/moderate: nsaids/acetaminophen
Severe: SHORT acting opioids (morphine, hydromorphone). can later add long-acting.
Patient with altered brain function likely has ______itis, not _______itis
encephalitis, not meningitis
CSF findings of lymphocytic pleocytosis (increased lymphocytes), normal opening pressure, increased protein and rbc, normal glucose
HSV encephalitis
bacterial has decreased glucose and increased neutrophils
most common site ulnar nerve entrapment
elbow (medial epicondylar groove)…decrease 4/5 digit sensation + weak grip (interosseous mm)