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1. DIT Primer > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

Fine touch
Vibration
Proprioception

A

Dorsal column

Medial lemniscus pathway

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2
Q

Dorsal column - Medial lemniscus decussates?

A

Medulla

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3
Q

Where does medial lemniscus relay in the thalamus?

A

Ventral posterolateral nucleus (body sensation)

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4
Q

Pain

Temperature

A

Spinothalamic Tract

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5
Q

Where does spinothalamic tract decussate?

A

Anterior white commissure

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6
Q

Do CN decussate?

A

No

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7
Q

Motor

A

Lateral corticospinal tract

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8
Q

Where does the lateral corticospinal tract decussate?

A

caudal medulla

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9
Q

Red nucleus

A

Rostral Midbrain

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10
Q

CN III

A

Rostral Midbrain

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11
Q

CN IV

A

Caudal Midbrain

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12
Q

Damaged in patients with Parkinson’s

A

Substantia nigra

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13
Q

Superior colliculus

A

Rostral Midbrain

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14
Q

Inferior colliculus

A

Caudal Midbrain

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15
Q

Medial Pons

A

MLF / medial lemniscus / Abducens (CN VI) nucleus / Corticospinal tract

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16
Q

Blood supply of Medial Pons

A

Paramedian & Median branches of the Basilar a.

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17
Q

Blood supply of Lateral Pons

A

Anterior Inferior Cerebral a.

AICA

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18
Q

Lateral Pons

A

Lateral spinothalamic tract / Facial (CN VII) nucleus / Vestibular (CNVIII) nucleus / Spinal Trigeminal (CN V) nucleus & tract

19
Q

CN V, VI, VII, VIII

A

Pons

20
Q

How to tell if you’re in Medulla?

A

Inferior olivary nucleus / Medullary pyramids

21
Q

Medial Medulla

A

Medullary pyramids / medial lemniscus / Hypoglossal (CN XII) nucleus

22
Q

Blood supply to Medial Medulla

A

Anterior spinal a.

23
Q

Blood supply to Lateral Medulla

A

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar a.

PICA

24
Q

Lateral Medulla

A

Lateral spinothalamic tract / Spinal trigeminal (CN V) tract & nucleus / Inferior cerebellar peduncle / vesticular (CN VIII) nuclei / Nucleus ambiguus (CN IX, X)

25
Q

Swallowing and speech

A

Nucleus Ambiguus (CN IX, X)

26
Q

CN X (vagus) contributors

A

Nucleus ambiguus / Dorsal motor nucleus / Nucleus of solitary tract

27
Q

Dorsal motor nucleus

A

Parasympathetic to GI tract, Heart, Lungs

*** NOT MOTOR!!

28
Q

Where are the sympathetic nervous system?

A 
Spinal cord
Horner sydrome (ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis)
29
Q

Hallmark sign of brainstem lesion?

A

ALTERNATING SYNDROME:

long tract symptoms on one side (hemiparalysis) and CN symptoms on the other

30
Q

The Rule of Fours

A
  • 4 medial/midline structures, beginning with M
  • 4 side/lateral structures, beginning with S
  • 4 CNs originate in the pons, 4 below the pons, 4 above the pons
  • 4 motor CN nuclei in the MIDLINE are those that divide evenly into 12 (except CN I and CN II)
31
Q

Weakness of contralateral arm and leg. Deficit?

A

Motor pathway - (medial) corticospinal tract

32
Q

Loss of vibration / proprioception / fine touch (contralateral arm/leg). Deficit?

A

Medial Lemniscus

33
Q

Ispsilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Deficit?

A

Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF)

34
Q

Ipsilateral arm and leg ataxia. Deficit?

A

Spinocerebellar tract

35
Q

Alteration of pain/temperature in contralateral arm and leg. Deficit?

A

Spinothalamic tract

36
Q

Ipsilateral alteration of pain/temperature on face. Deficit?

A

Sensory nucleus of CN V

37
Q

Ipsilateral Horner syndrome

A

Sympathetic pathway

38
Q

Hoarse voice and difficulty swallowing

Loss of pain and temp in right arm and leg

Ataxia in left arm

Uvula deviates to the right

A

Left Lateral Medulla

“Wallenberg syndrome”

Spinothalamic
Spinal Trigeminal nucleus
Nucleus ambiguus
Sympathetic tract
Vestibular nucleus
       - vertigo / nystagmus / n/v
Inferior Cerebellar peduncle

PICA

39
Q

Weakness in right arm and leg

Numbness in right arm and leg

Decrease vibration and proprioception on right

Tongue deviates to the left

A

Left Medial Medulla

“Medial Medullary syndrome”

Anterior Spinal Artery

40
Q

Left facial droop

Loss of pain and temp on left face

Loss of pain and temp in right arm and leg

A

Left Lateral Inferior Pons

“Lateral Inferior Pontine Syndrome”

41
Q

Inability to abduct or adduct right eye

Nystagmus in the left eye when looking left

Left arm and leg weakness

Loss of fine touch, vibration, and proprioception in the left arm and leg

A

Right Medial Pons

“Medial Pontine Syndrome”

42
Q

Multiple Sclerosis
Medial Pontine strokes
Risk for?

A

INO (lesion of MLF)

43
Q

Can only move eyes

A

Locked-in-Syndrome

  • basilar artery stroke
  • rapid hyponatremia correction (CPM)
44
Q

dysphagia , dysphonia, dysarthria (corticobulbar tract damage)

contralateral spastic hemiparesis (corticospinal tract damage)

CN III palsy –> ipsilateral ptosis, pupillary dilation, and lateral strabismus (eye looks down and out

A

Weber Syndrome

ANTERIOR MIDBRAIN infarction resulting from occlussion of paramedian branches of posterior cerebral artery

1. DIT Primer (6 decks)

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