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Pharm block 8 > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

2 therapeutic approaches in parkinson’s disease

A

increase dopamine

decrease acetylcholine

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2
Q

3 mechanisms of increasing dopamine action

A

increase dopamine levels
dopamine receptor agonists
increase dopamine release from neurons

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3
Q

levodopa MOA

A

prodrug that is converted to dopamine by dopa decarboxylase

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4
Q

purpose of carbidopa

A

carbidopa inhibits peripheral dopa decarboxylase to increase the amount of levodopa entering the CNS

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5
Q

peripheral ADRs of levodopa (3)

A

arrhythmia, changes in blood pressure, dyskinesias

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6
Q

central ADRs of levodopa (2)

A

psychosis, on/off effects

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7
Q

drug interaction with levodopa

A

vitamin B6 will decrease effectiveness of levodopa

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8
Q

COMT inhibitors (2)

A

tolcapone, entacapone

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9
Q

MOA of COMT inhibitors

A

increase dopamine levels by inhibiting metabolism

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10
Q

tolcapone

A

peripheral and central activity, hepatotoxicity

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11
Q

entacapone

A

peripheral activity only

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12
Q

MAO-B inhibitors (2)

A

selegiline

rasagiline

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13
Q

MOA of MAO-B inhibitors

A

increase dopamine levels by inhibiting metabolism

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14
Q

uses of MAO-B inhibitors

A

PD (initial or adjust with L-dopa)

MPTP-induced PD

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15
Q

ergot alkaloids

A

bromocriptine and pergoline

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16
Q

MOA of ergot alkaloids

A

D2 receptor agonist

17
Q

ADR of ergot alkaloids

A

interact with a-receptors to cause vasoconstriction and gangrene, limiting use

18
Q

non-ergot alkaloids

A

pramipexole, ropinirole

19
Q

amantidine use in PD

A

increases dopamine release

20
Q

unique ARDs of amantidine (2)

A

livedo reticularis

ataxia

21
Q

muscarinic blockers MOA

A

block M-ACH receptors to decrease tremor and rigidity, little effect on bradykinesia

22
Q

muscarinic blockers (3)

A

benztropine, trihexylphenidyl, diphenhydramine

23
Q

acetylcholinesterse inhibitors (4)

A

donepezil
rivastigmine
galantamine
tacrline

24
Q

which ACHE-I is competitive?

A

galantamine

25
Q

Which ACHE-I uses esterases for metabolism?

A

rivastigmine

26
Q

MOA of memantine

A

NMDA antagonist

27
Q

ADRs of memantine (3)

A

dizziness, hallucinations, confusion

28
Q

neurotransmitter abnormalities in HD

A

increased dopamine

decreased GABA, ACH

29
Q

drug to address HD chorea

A

tetrabenzazine

30
Q

MOA of tetrabenazine

A

VMAT2 inhibitor that decreases DA storage and release

31
Q

riluzone MOA (3)

A

blocks glutamate release
blocks glutamate receptors
inhibits voltage gated Na channels

Pharm block 8 (3 decks)

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