Neuro

Question 1

During a stroke there is treatment if you

Answer 1

act FAST

Question 2

FAST mnemonic

Answer 2

Face= face looks uneven
Arm= one arm hanging down?
Speech= slurred speech?
Time= call 911 NOW!

Question 3

change of LOC (level of consciousness) may be the earliest indicator of what?

Answer 3

central nervous system (CNS) pathology
cerebral ischemia
increased intracranial pressure (ICP)

Question 4

6 Levels of consciousness

Answer 4

Alert wakefulness - AAOx3;responds quickly to stimuli. awake, alert, and oriented to time, person or place
Confusion - awake/alert, but disoriented to time, place or person; or shortened attention or poor memory
Lethargy - “drowsy”, slowed response to stimuli; may still be AAOx3
Obtunded - ”very drowsy”, less than full mental capacity, arousable with stimulation, minimal verbal response (12
words),follow simple commands
Stupor - unresponsive except to vigorous and repeated stimulation;may respond with eye opening or incomprehensible sounds
Coma - unresponsive;sleep-like state with eyes closed, no verbal response

Question 5

Glasgow coma scale range

Answer 5

3 (worst) to 15 (best)

Question 6

Glasgow coma scale measures (3 things)

Answer 6

Eye, Verbal, and Motor Responses

Question 7

GCS less than 8

Answer 7

intubate

Question 8

Eyes response (range)

Answer 8

4-1

Question 9

Verbal response (range)

Answer 9

5-1

Question 10

Motor response (range)

Answer 10

6-1

Question 11

what is decortication s/s

Answer 11

abnormal flexion

Problems with Cervical Spinal Tract or Cerebral Hemisphere

Question 12

what is decerebration s/s

Answer 12

abnormal extension - arms like “e’s”

Problems with Midbrain or Pons

Question 13

If you come in and you find cranial nerve IX and X are diminished, what would you not want to do?

Answer 13

Feed the patient - they can’t protect their airway

Question 14

If you have damage to your brain-stem, do you decorticate or decerebrate?

Answer 14

decerebrate

Question 15

CN IX & X

Answer 15

Gag, Cough, Swallow (protective reflexes)

Question 16

12 Cranial Nerves mnemonic

Answer 16

Oh Oh Oh To Touch And Feel A Girl’s Very Soft Hands

Question 17

Oh Oh Oh To Touch And Feel A Girl’s Very Soft Hands

Answer 17

Olfactory= smell
Optic= visual field, snellen chart
Oculomotor = eye opening
Trochlear
Trigeminal= sensory areas of the face
Abducens
Facial = smile, close eyes tightly, facial symmetry etc..
Acoustic/Vestibulocochlear = hearing
Glossopharyngeal = sensory/taste, motor/gag & swallow
Vagus = have pt say ahh watch palate and uvula, both should rise
Spinal Accessory= Shoulder shrug, head and neck movement
Hypoglossal =Tongue movement

Question 18

Motor/Sensory/Both mnemonic

Answer 18

Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter More

Question 19

Pronator Drift (aka “drift test”)

Answer 19

Pt asked to hold out arms with palms up (hold your hands up like you’re holding a pizza box”), then close eyes and keep arms stationary for 10 secs
Test can be used to assess motor strength and control/coordination

Question 20

positive pronator drift test

Answer 20

Drifting (usually downward) of the arm and/or pronation of palm

Question 21

Positive pronator test indicates

Answer 21

Decrease in motor strength, or presence of spasticity, or decrease in proprioception

Question 22

Documentation for pronator drift

Answer 22

patient has a left drift

Question 23

what is graphesthesia

Answer 23

ability to feel writing on skin

Question 24

what is stereognosis

Answer 24

ability to perceive size and shape of easily recognized objects: coins, keys, etc….