Musculoskeletal

Question 1

goals of musculoskeletal assessment

Answer 1

maintain/restore function

prevent deformity

Question 2

range of motion assessment

Answer 2

pain

stiffness

Question 3

strength assessment

Answer 3

gravity

resistance

Question 4

lifespan considerations - pregnancy

Answer 4

increased joint mobility (pelvic)

lordosis (inward curve/arch of back)

Question 5

lifespan considerations - infant/child

Answer 5

epiphyseal closure (stoppage of bone growth-21 years old

Question 6

lifespan considerations - older adult

Answer 6

bone density/height loss
kyphosis (rounding of back/hump)
bony prominence
loss of muscle mass

Question 7

spine assessment

Answer 7

scoliosis - “S” shaped curve of the thoracic and lumbar spine
lordosis - inward curvature of lumbar spine during pregnancy
kyphosis - exaggerated posterior curvature of thoracic spine

Question 8

objective data of spine

Answer 8

palpate and inspect spine

Question 9

scoliosis assessment

Answer 9

Inspect
Standing = symmetry of hips, scapulae and shoulders
Bending forward =Arms hanging-check for lateral curves or protrusions on one side

Question 10

In scoliosis assessment thoracic and lumbar – opposite t or f

Answer 10

true

Question 11

assessing gait

Answer 11

feet shoulder width apart
balance
regular pace
steady motion with arm swing

Question 12

gait dysfunctions

Answer 12

Ataxic (like drunken)
Neuropathic(foot drop)
Parkinsonian (rigid, slow, no arm swing)
Choreiform (jerky)
Hemiplegic (no movement one side  - arm swings  and foot is dragged)
Myopathic (waddling)

Question 13

what is osteoporosis

Answer 13

a progressive bond disorder characterized by decrease in bone mass and density. Bone microarchitecture deteriorates, amount and variety of proteins in bone are altered.

Question 14

osteoporosis can lead to changes in height and risk for fractures t or f

Answer 14

true

Question 15

common musculoskeletal dysfunctions

Answer 15

osteoporosis
rheumatoid arthritis
wear and tear (osteoarthritis)

Question 16

assessment for rheumatoid arthritis vs osteoarthritis

Answer 16

RA - am stiffness 1-2hrs; worse after rest (Ulnar deviation;
Swan’s Neck deformity; Boutenierre deformity thumb)
Osteo - am stiffnes 15-30min; worse w/activity (herbedens nodes)

Question 17

Myalgia

Answer 17

a

Question 18

Arthralgia

Answer 18

a

Question 19

Atrophy

Answer 19

a decrease in muscle mass due to having a cast or bed rest when muscle isn’t stimulated

Question 20

Effusions

Answer 20

a

Question 21

Spasm

Answer 21

a

Question 22

Spasticity

Answer 22

a

Question 23

Crepitus

Answer 23

bone moving on bone; grating, crackling or popping sound

Question 24

Contracture

Answer 24

Achilles Tendon - is shortening of tendon; 1 cause is wearing high heels

Question 25

Dislocation

Answer 25

a

Question 26

Abduction

Answer 26

a

Question 27

Adduction

Answer 27

a

Question 28

Circumduction

Answer 28

a

Question 29

Extension

Answer 29

a

Question 30

Flexion

Answer 30

a “foot drop”

Question 31

Pronation

Answer 31

a

Question 32

Supination

Answer 32

a