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OPP IV > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

optic canal

A

optic nn

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2
Q

superior orbital fissue

A

III
IV
V1
V1

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3
Q

foramen rotundum

A

V2

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4
Q

foramen ovale

A

V3

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5
Q

foramen spinosum

A

middle menigeal a

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6
Q

foramen lacerum

A

internal carotid, does not go all the way thru, exits via carotid canal

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7
Q

internal auditory meatus

A

VII

VIII

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8
Q

jugular foramen

A

IX
X
XI
sigmoid sinus to inferior jugular v

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9
Q

hypoglossal canal

A

XII

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10
Q

what are some CIs to OMT

A

battle sign- basilar skull fracture

posterior fossa tumor -> herniation risk

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11
Q

types of cerebral palsy

A 
spastic/pyramidal 
non-spastic/extrapyramidal
atonic
cerebellar
ataxic 
combined
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12
Q

spastic/pyramidal type

A

most common
UMN damage
stiff rigid limbs
arms, legs, can involve tongue,, mouth, larynx, speech, eating, breathing, swallowing
associated w/hip pathology, scoliosis, limb deformities

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13
Q

non-spastic/extrapyramidal

A

2 types: ataxic and dyskinetic
decreased or fluctuating mm tone, hypotonica
impairments in involuntary movement, dyskinesias, dystonias, athetosis
mental impairment, limb deformities and seizures less likely

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14
Q

Dx of CP

A

Dx of exclusion
persistent infantile reflexes, especially moro
earliest signs of spasticity usually involve resistance to passive motion
not Dx before age 2

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15
Q

workup for CP

A

labs
imaging
clinical surveillance

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16
Q

joint proprioception with spasticity

A

postural control abnormal in kids w/spastic d/t biomechanical not neurologic factors

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17
Q

spastic CP and baseline tone

A

daily mm challenge makes mm tighter then baseline

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18
Q

biomechanics in spastic CP

A

impaired down-regulation of descending pathway of myotactic reflex
causes hypertonicity and spasticity
uncoordinated mvmt
agonists/antagonists don’t work together
each mvmt can activate reflex inhibiting mvmt

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19
Q

postural compenstation

A

related to specific mm groups

LE most common

20
Q

hamstring hypertonicity

A 
causes post innominatne
decreased lumbar lordosis
extended TLJ
flattened thoracic kyphosis 
extended OA
21
Q

altered hip mechanics

A

excessive force thru acetabulum -> increased risk of hip dislocation, fracture, or avascular necrosis
always evaluate new onset pain or changes in fnx

22
Q

non-spastic CP presentation

A

generalized hypotonia and increased DTRs in infancy progresses to dyskinesias in childhood
hypotonic

23
Q

non-spastic CP presentation

A

generalized hypotonia and increased DTRs in infancy progresses to dyskinesias in childhood
hypotonic and altered mvmt patterns affect proprioception input
baseline tone lower then normal
postural mechanisms impaired

24
Q

other symptoms of non-spastic CP

A

sensorineural hearing loss
strabismus
nystagmus

25
Q

postural compensation of non-spastic CP

A

create balance and stability thru locking weight-bearing joints and shortening antigravity mm
decreased cervical lordosis -> head forward

26
Q

SD d/t postural compensation of non-spastic CP

A 
anterior pelvis
extension dysfunction of OA and shortened suboccipital mm -> chronic HA and bruxism
tibial rotations and torsions
persistent femoral anteversion
pes planus 
genu valgus
back, knee, and hip pain
27
Q

SD d/t postural compensation of non-spastic CP

A 
anterior pelvis
extension dysfunction of OA and shortened suboccipital mm -> chronic HA and bruxism
tibial rotations and torsions
persistent femoral anteversion
pes planus 
genu valgus
back, knee, and hip pain
28
Q

isometric ME

A

same mm length

29
Q

isotonic concentric ME

A

same tone
shorten mm
pt wins

30
Q

isotonic eccentric ME

A

same tone
lengthen mm
doc wins

31
Q

isolytic ME

A

quickly overcoming pt contraction

32
Q

reciprocal inhibition

A

uses withdrawal and crossed-extensor reflexes therapeutically
MET to one group of mm to affect the antagonist partner

33
Q

kids under 8

A

ME doesn’t work well

34
Q

ME for spastic CP

A

isolytic- good for adhesions, fibrosis, used directly
on hypertonic mm
reciprocal inhibition- decreased tone in hypertonic mm using mm that are under better voluntary control of pt, good for hemiplegias and u/l contractures

35
Q

ME for non-spastic CP

A

isotonic- addressed shortened mm
isotonic concentric- strengthen and improve firing pattern of hypotonic mm
isometric- joint mechanics and mm firing patterns

36
Q

MFR and CP

A

good for all types
long lever fasica strains thru whole system
fascia carries proprioceptive information
treat fascial tubes of TAP cylinder

37
Q

BLT for CP

A

balance tone in joints, works well w/MET

Tx tibia-fibular and interosseous membrane b/c high concentration of proprioceptors here

38
Q

FPR and CP

A

good for short restrictions such as suboccipital and paraspinal

39
Q

FPR and CP

A

good for short restrictions such as suboccipital and paraspinal

40
Q

HVLA and CP

A

unable to isolate well enough to use
hypotonic CP associated w/ligamentous laxity
hypertonic too much guarding

41
Q

why are CP kids hospitalized?

A

pneumonia
reflux
tube placement for nutrition

42
Q

how can we use OMT to Tx pneumonia in CP kids

A

ribs
thoracic vertebral motion
MFR (sternum and mediastinum)

43
Q

how can we use OMT to Tx reflux in CP kids

A 
diaphragm motion
thoracic and pelvic diaphragms 
cranial base mechanisms
middle cervical spine
middle thoracic spine
44
Q

how can we use OMT to Tx reflux in CP kids

A 
diaphragm motion
thoracic and pelvic diaphragms 
cranial base mechanisms
middle cervical spine
middle thoracic spine
45
Q

how can we use OMT to Tx reflux in CP kids

A 
diaphragm motion
thoracic and pelvic diaphragms 
cranial base mechanisms
middle cervical spine
middle thoracic spine

OPP IV (5 decks)

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