Kania's OMM exercises

Question 1

static stretching

Answer 1

• held in challenging, but comfortable position for 10-30 secs
• MC type of stretch
• less beneficial than dynamic stretching
• increase length in tendon tissue and increases joint flexibility

Question 2

dynamic stretching

Answer 2

• moving thru challenge, but comfortable ROM repeatedly (10-12times)
• more beneficial then static
• increases length in tendon tissue and increases joint flexibility

Question 3

passive stretching

Answer 3

uses outside assistance
mm stretched is relaxed and relies on external force to hold person in place
risk that outside force is stronger then mm is flexible

Question 4

active stretching

Answer 4

active contraction of m in opposition to the one being stretched
don’t use body weight, strap etc..
relax mm being stretched and rely on opposing mm to initiate stretch
often requires assistance to create mm control

Question 5

slow twitch fiber

Answer 5

fnx is tonic/postural
oxidative metabolism
high capillary density
type I myosin heavy chain isoform

Question 6

fast twitch fiber

Answer 6

fnx is phasic, mm react by shortening and tightening
glycolytic metabolism, easy fatigability
low capillary density
type II myosin heavy chain isoform

Question 7

psoas mm

Answer 7

type I fibers have largest cross-section area over type II
type I mostly in cephalad portion L1-4 (postural/stabilizing)
type II fibers in caudal portion (hip flexors)

Question 8

psoas mm

Answer 8

type I fibers have largest cross-section area over type II
type I mostly in cephalad portion L1-4 (postural/stabilizing)
type II fibers in caudal portion (hip flexors)

Question 9

muscle dysfunction

Answer 9

postural/tonic mm are facilitated, hypertonic, and shortened

dynamic/phasic mm inhibited, hypotonic and weak

Question 10

hip dysfunction

Answer 10

weak- glut med and max
tight- iliopsoas, rectus femoris, piriformis, adductors, TFL
leads to weak abs and tight erector spinae mm

Question 11

LE muscle dysfunction

Answer 11

postural/tonic mm are facilitated, hypertonic, and shortened

dynamic/phasic mm inhibited, hypotonic and weak

Question 12

hip dysfunction

Answer 12

weak- glut med and max
tight- iliopsoas, rectus femoris, piriformis, adductors, TFL
leads to weak abs and tight erector spinae mm

Question 13

lower crossed syndrome

Answer 13

• weak glut max and tight hip flexors
• weak abs and short lumbar erector spinae
• weak glut med and min and short TFL and quadratus lumborum
• ant pelvic tilt and increased lordosis
• hypermobility in lowest lumbar levels

Question 14

result of LCS

Answer 14

ant rotated pelvis
tight erecotr spinae, iliopsoas, rectus femoris
weak abs, glut med/max

Question 15

Tx LCS

Answer 15

stregthen glud max/med lenghten iliopsoas, recutus femoris,
engage abs
pelvis in neutral tilt

Question 16

Janda Pearls

Answer 16

• proprioceptive balance training should precede stretching or retraining
• all retraining done w/short foot -> requires pt to elevated medial arch w/o curling toes
• trigger points, pain, tendonitis develops in mm that are weak and inhibited
• tears and ruptures in tight mm

Question 17

UE mm dysfunction

Answer 17

postural/tonic mm are facilitated, hypertonic, and shortened

dynamic/phasic mm are inhibited, hypotonic and weak

Question 18

shoulder dysfunction

Answer 18

weak- supra and infraspinatus, delts, rhomboids, lower traps, serratus ant
tight- levator scap upper traps, pecs
leads to weak longus colli

Question 19

UCS

Answer 19

• facilitated hypertrophic postural mm
• inhibited hypotonic and weak dynamic mm
• forward head position
• straightening of lower cervical lordosis, extension of upper cervicals
• increased kyphosis of cervico-thoracic jnx
• internal rotation of shoulder girdles

Question 20

faciliated hypertrophic postural mm

Answer 20

levator scapulae
upper traps
SCM
pecs
saclenes
lats
subscap
flexors of UE

Question 21

facilitated hypertrophic postural mm

Answer 21

levator scapulae
upper traps
SCM
pecs
saclenes
lats
subscap
flexors of UE

Question 22

inhibited hypotonic and weak dynamic mm

Answer 22

middle and lower traps
serratus ant
rhomboids
supra and infraspinatus
deltoids
deep neck flexors
extensors of UE

Question 23

toe lifts

Answer 23

-good for forefoot pronation, pes plaus, plantar fasciitis, LE
SD
-strengthens foot intrinsics
-stand w/neutral pelvic rotation and neutral postion of femur on tibia
-lift heels off floor 1” keeping ALL toes on floor
-hold 30 sec

Question 24

toe lifts

Answer 24

-good for forefoot pronation, pes plaus, plantar fasciitis, LE
SD
-strengthens foot intrinsics
-stand w/neutral pelvic rotation and neutral postion of femur on tibia
-lift heels off floor 1” keeping ALL toes on floor
-hold 30 sec

Question 25

piriformis stretch

Answer 25

passive- cross one foot over opposite knee
hold 10-30sec
active-use opposing leg to push i/l leg cephalad

Question 26

active pirifomis stretch

Answer 26

pigeon pose

Question 27

passive hamstrings stretch

Answer 27

place leg on table and reach forward

or while supine use strap to bring leg toward you

Question 28

hamstring stretch dynamic

Answer 28

lean over table bending hips to 90 degrees and flex knees
keep pelvis in ant tilt
extend knees and push ischial tuberosities to ceiling

Question 29

static psoas stretch

Answer 29

use table to place extended leg on

Question 30

active psoas stretch

Answer 30

lunge

Question 31

dynamic psoas stretch

Answer 31

sumo wrestler

Question 32

passive stretches of pecs

Answer 32

supine-extend abducted arm over edge of table
prone-extend and abduct arm
against wall

Question 33

lat dorsi passive stretch

Answer 33

supine- extend both arms over top edge of table

kneeling in prayer pose