Neuro Flashcards

0
Q

MC CNS mass lesion in brain in AIDS

A

Toxoplasmosis

CT contrast ring enhancing lesion

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1
Q

Cluster ha

A
Conjunctival injection
Lacrimal ion
Rhinorrhea
Miosis
Ptosis

O2
Intranasal lidocaine

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2
Q

Brudzindki sign

A

Flex hip caused by flex of neck

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3
Q

Kernig sign

A

Pain in hamstring cause inability to straighten leg when hip flex 90degrees

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4
Q

SAH med

A

Nimidipine PO/NG

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5
Q

Bacterial meningitis

A

High PRO >150
low GLU
>500 WBC

S pneumo
N meningitidis

Cef vanco dexamethasone

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6
Q

Gillian Barre

A

Demyelination
Ascending paralysis
LOSS IF DTRs
IV immunoglobulin

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7
Q

MS

A
Pathognomonic bilateral INO - can't look at nose
Optic neuritis
-central vision loss
-pain on eye movement 
-papillitis - papiledema one eye
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8
Q

Pure muscle weakness

A
Hypokalemia periodic paralysis
Myasthenia
Lambert-Eaton
Tick
Botulism 
ALS
Polio
West Nile
Certain toxins
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9
Q

MG

A

Autoantibodies against Ach receptor
Thymoma 25%
Diplopia
Ptosis
Muscle weakness and fatiguabity proximal>distal
Tensilon - blocks breakdown Ach by cholinesterase
-can cause AVB, give atropine first

Rx physostigmine neostigmine

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10
Q

Lambert-eaton

A
Autoimmune DS affects ca channels 
Decreased DTR
Prox muscle weakness 
Thighs and hips
Weakness improves with use 
50% caused by cancer esp SCLung ca
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11
Q

Botulism

A
Bulbar sxs 
Diplopia
Ptosis
Dysphagia
Dysphonia
Dysarthria
Descending flaccid paralysis
Anticholinergic sxs
Dry mouth 
Dilated pupils
Urinary retention
Ileum
Decreased tears
Sensory nml

Infant - floppy baby constipated

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12
Q

Tick paralysis

A

Rapidly ascending paralysis

Remove tick

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13
Q

Wernicke’s

A
B1 deficiency 
AMS
Nystagmus
Opthalmoplegia
Ataxia 
Admit b1 mg
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14
Q

Korsakoff’s

A

Amnesia

Confabulation

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15
Q

West Nile

A
Dead crows
August and September
Flaccid paralysis 
anterior horn cells 
sensation intact
CSF
-high PRO WBC
Send CSF and serum for IgM
16
Q

MCC sz in a febrile kids

A

Hyponatremia

GE-rota and shigella

17
Q

UMN

A

Hyperreflexia clonus normal muscle mass spasticity increased tone increased reflexes Babinski sign

18
Q

LMN

A

Weakness atrophy fasciculations decreased DTR

19
Q

ALS

A

UMN and LMN

20
Q

Syringomyelia

A

Intraosseous muscle wasting
Loss of pain and temperature sensation in hands
Associated with cerebellar Chiari defects
Expanding central cavity in spinal cord usually cervical cord

21
Q

Hemorrhagic stroke

A
Basil ganglia thalamus
Decrease MAP to 160/90
Labetalol
Nicardipine
Nitroprusside
22
Q

Cerebral CVA

A

Contralateral motor and sensory deficits

contralateral cranial nerve palsies

23
Q

Brainstem infarct

A

Ipsilateral facial weakness and contralateral extremity weakness

24
Pontine
Coma Miosis Ataxic breathing
25
Cerebellar
``` Nystagmus dizziness nausea vomiting ataxia DROP ATTACK ```
26
ACA CVA
Contra lateral paresis legs Sensory deficit Gait disturbance
27
MCA CVA
``` Most common Contralateral paralysis arms and face Sensory deficit in same distribution Aphasia dominant hemisphere Hemineglect if non-dominant Homonymous hemianopsia Eyes look toward side of stroke ```
28
PCA CVA
Homonymous hemianopsia Visual agnosia Cortical blindness after CPR
29
Vertebrobasilar
Locked in syndrome | Wallenberg
30
Lacunar syndromes
Pure motor: pons internal capsule Pure sensory: thalamus Dysarthria-hemiparesis: pons, internal capsule Ataxia-hemiparesis: pons internal capsule Mixed sensorimotor: hemiparesis with ipsilateral sensory