neuro

Question 1

most associated with downbeat nystagmus?

Answer 1

Arnold-Chiari malformation

Question 2

Sumatriptan moa

Answer 2

specific 5HT1 agonist

Question 3

asymmetrical symptoms

Answer 3

idiopathic Parkinson’s while symmetric in drug induced.

Question 4

ondansetron MOA

Answer 4

5HT3 antagonists

Question 5

s/e of ondansetron

Answer 5

constipation, prolong QT interval

Question 6

Dementia Myoclonus Rigidity

Answer 6

CJD

Question 7

triad of motor, cognitive and psychiatric
symptoms.

Answer 7

Huntington’s Disease

Question 8

Wernicke’s Encephalopathy features

Answer 8

Confusion, gait ataxia, nystagmus + ophthalmoplegia+ peripheral neuropathy( CAN OPEN)

Question 9

Sensory neural hearing Loss + Vertigo

Answer 9

Meniere’s disease

Question 10

conductive hearing loss, tinnitus and positive family history

Answer 10

otosclerosis

Question 11

Levodopa S/E

Answer 11

dry mouth anorexia palpitations
postural hypotension
psychosis dyskinesias at peak dose: dystonia, chorea and athetosis (involuntary writhing
movements)

Question 12

dopamine receptor agonist

Answer 12

bromocriptine, ropinirole, cabergoline, apomorphine

Question 13

S/E of dopamine receptor agonists

Answer 13

pulmonary, retroperitoneal and cardiac fibrosis .hallucinations in older patients. Nasal congestion and
postural hypotension

Question 14

MAO-B (Monoamine Oxidase-B) inhibitors

Answer 14

Selegiline

Question 15

COMT (Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase) inhibitors

Answer 15

e.g. entacapone, tolcapone

Question 16

Brain Abscess

Answer 16

surgery
a craniotomy is performed and the abscess cavity debrided.
IV antibiotics: IV 3rd-generation cephalosporin + metronidazole
intracranial pressure management: e.g. dexamethasone

Question 17

after how many hours should a lumbar puncture be performed in SAH

Answer 17

12 hours

Question 18

Asthmatic with essential tremor DOC

Answer 18

Primidone. in non asthmatics Propanolol

Question 19

MLF location

Answer 19

Left paramedian area of the midbrain and pons

Question 20

internuclear ophthalmoplegia location

Answer 20

MLF

Question 21

Anterior cerebral artery infarction features

Answer 21

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory
loss, lower extremity > upper

Question 22

Middle cerebral artery infarction features

Answer 22

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory
loss, upper extremity > lower
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Aphasia

Question 23

Contra indication of Triptan use

Answer 23

IHD

Question 24

Most common complication of meningitis

Answer 24

Sensorineural hearing loss

Question 25

Complications following meningitis

Answer 25

sensorineural hearing loss (most common) seizures focal neurological deficit infective sepsis intracerebral abscess pressure brain herniation hydrocephalus

Question 26

pheochromocytoma most associated cancer

Answer 26

RCC

Question 27

peripheral neuropathy motor loss causes

Answer 27

Guillain-Barre syndrome porphyria lead poisoning hereditary sensorimotor neuropathies (HSMN) - Charcot-Marie-Tooth chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) diphtheria

Question 28

peripheral neuropathy sensory loss

Answer 28

uraemia leprosy alcoholism vitamin B12 deficiency amyloidosis diabetes

Question 29

Bitemporal hemianopia lesion site

Answer 29

lesion of optic chiasm upper quadrant defect > lower quadrant defect = inferior chiasmal compression, commonly a pituitary tumour lower quadrant defect > upper quadrant defect = superior chiasmal compression, commonly a craniopharyngioma

Question 30

serotonin syndrome management of severe cases

Answer 30

cyproheptadine chlorpromazine

Question 31

MND DOC

Answer 31

Riluzole

Question 32

Causes of gingival hyperplasia

Answer 32

phenytoin, ciclosporin, calcium channel blockers and AML

Question 33

treatment for acute attack of cluster headache

Answer 33

100% oxygen.. subcutaneous triptan

Question 34

prophylaxis for cluster headache

Answer 34

verapamil

Question 35

antibodies associated with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, including painful sensory neuropathy

Answer 35

Anti Hu

Question 36

antibodies linked with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome) and rarely with sensory neuropathy.

Answer 36

Anti Ri .They are typically seen in patients with breast cancer or ovarian cancer, rather than small cell lung cancer.

Question 37

Narcolepsy- which hormone is low

Answer 37

low orexin (hypocretin) levels

Question 38

stroke affecting the arcuate fasciculus causes which abnormality

Answer 38

conduction aphasia

Question 39

antibiotics that are relatively contra-indicated in myasthenia

Answer 39

aminoglycosides- gentamycin

Question 40

antibiotics safe in myasthenia

Answer 40

amoxicillin

Question 41

The following drugs may exacerbate myasthenia:

Answer 41

penicillamine quinidine, procainamide beta-blockers lithium phenytoin antibiotics: gentamicin, macrolides, quinolones, tetracyclines

Question 42

ataxia telangiectasia gene involvement

Answer 42

ATM

Question 43

- PICA lesion - cerebellar signs, contralateral sensory loss & ipsilateral Horner's

Answer 43

lateral medullary syndrome

Question 44

motor neuron disease carries the worst prognosis?

Answer 44

progressive bulbar palsy

Question 45

to manage drooling of saliva in people with Parkinson's disease

Answer 45

glycopyrronium bromide

Question 46

fluctuating confusion most likely diagnosis

Answer 46

sub Dural hematoma

Question 47

which features suggest idiopathic parkinsonism

Answer 47

asymmetrical symptoms

Question 48

Huntington's disease trinucleotide repeats

Answer 48

CAG

Question 49

Friedrich Ataxia trinucleotide repeat

Answer 49

GAA

Question 50

Myotonic dystrophy trinucleotide

Answer 50

CTG

Question 51

Fragile X syndrome trinucleotide

Answer 51

CGG

Question 52

weakness improve after exercise

Answer 52

lambert Eaton

Question 53

weakness worsens after exercise

Answer 53

myasthenia

Question 54

absent corneal reflex

Answer 54

acoustic neuroma-schwannoma, is a benign tumour that arises from the vestibular part of the eighth cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve). This nerve has two parts; the cochlear part which is involved in hearing and the vestibular part which is involved in balance. As the tumor grows, it can compress nearby structures including the fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve), which mediates the corneal reflex. Therefore, an absent corneal reflex could be indicative of an acoustic neuroma.

Question 55

Lip smacking + post-ictal dysphasia are localizing features of which seizure

Answer 55

temporal lobe

Question 56

antiepileptic causing visual field defects

Answer 56

vigabatrin

Question 57

medication overuse headache treatment

Answer 57

Medication overuse headache simple analgesia + triptans: stop abruptly opioid analgesia: withdraw gradually