Neuro Flashcards
What lobe lies deep to the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes?
Insula
The spinal cord terminates at L2 as the what? Leads into the ?
Conus Medullaris
Cauda Equina
Most complex portion of the brain, also known as the telencephalon
Cerebrum
Where does integration & processing occur? (along the surface area of the cerebrum)
Cerebral Cortex
The medial longitudinal fissure has a tissue in it that separates the cerebral hemispheres and houses the dural sinuses, into which the blood and cerebrospinal fluid drain
Falx Cerebri
The cerebral cortex is composed of grey matter that does what?
Processes information where integration occurs.
Primary motor cortex, socially acceptable, consequence, personality, language and numeracy tests, smell. What lobe?
Frontal
What is found deep in the brain and regulates/inhibits excessive motor movements?
Diencephalon
The precentral gyrus is found in the frontal lobe. What two components make up the precentral gyrus?
Primary motor area (brodmann 4)
Premotor/Secondary motor area (brodmann 6)
What do the primary motor and premotor areas do?
Primary- Area 4, executive motor function- voluntary motor movement begins here.
Premotor- Area 6, Takes over the firing for area 4 once a movement is learned. Now automatic.
Sensory (2-point touch, manipulation of numbers, self transcendence, predisposition for spirituality, spacial orientation. What lobe?
Parietal
Processes very basic information, contralateral body wall, takes in raw data. What area is this?
Parietal lobe, Postcentral gyrus, Primary somatosensory, Area 3, 1, 2
Two point touch discrimination occurs where?
Parietal lobe, Postcentral gyrus, General sensory association, area 5, 7
Language, emotional association, visual memories. Contains primary auditory area (41, 42) and auditory association (22). What lobe?
Temporal lobe
Part of the temporal lobe that supports a critical component of speech production
Wernicke’s area/ Area 22
Primary visual cortex (area 17, V1) processes color, light, dark, raw info. Visual association (area 18, 19)- processes shapes, depth, peripheral vision. What lobe?
Occipital
Insula is supplied by what artery?
Middle cerebral artery
Consciousness, homeostasis, perception, motor control, self-awareness, cognitive functioning, psychopathology, empathy, compassion, memory from sensory touch
Insula
Provides the awareness to think “something is wrong” or “that doesn’t look right”
Anterior Cingulate Gyrus
Part of limbic system, emotion formation & processing, memory, love, linking motivation and learning!
Superior to corpus callosum
Cingulate gyrus
What is the limbic system?
Behavior and emotional response
Consolidates short term to long term memory, special memory, navigation
Hippocampus
White matter that connects the left and right hemispheres
corpus callosum
the lentiform nucleus is made up
Putamen- lateral Nucleus
Globus Pallidus- Medial nucleus
Pea-shaped structure, in temporal lobe, part of the basal ganglia, associated with the olfactory and limbic system (emotions and smells are processed in the same area of the brain)
Amygdaloid nucleus
General functions of involuntary regulation of voluntary motor control (muscle memory), habit formation influenced by dopamine, eye movement, cognition, and emotion.
Substantia Nigra (extrapyramidal- involuntary)
fiber tract from (and some to) the hippocampus to the mammillary nucleus (part of the limbic system)
* Between hippocampus and hypothalamus
* Probably long term recall*
Fornix
large, C-shaped extrapyramidal motor nucleus - located in the wall of the lateral ventricle. Amygdaloid at one end, lentiform nucleus at the other
Caudate Nucleus
The core of the cerebrum
Diencephalon
Portions of the Diencephalon
Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Epithalamus
