neuro Flashcards
symptoms abducens nerve palsy
cannot abduct eye (lateral rectus, CNVI) // horizontal diplopia
symptoms trochlear nerve palsy
impaired superior oblique (CN IV) // vertical diplopia (going downstairs) // torsional diplopia // head tilt // eye deviated upwards and outwards
symptoms occulumotor nerve palsy
CNIII affected // down and out eye // ptosis (droopy eyelid) // dilated pupil (surgical palsy)
causes CN III palsy
DM // raised ICP –> uncal herniation // posterior communicating artery anurysm // cavernous sinus thrombosis // webers
symptoms posterior communicating artery aneurysm
painful CNIII palsy + dilated pupil
symptoms webers syndrome
ipsilat CNIII palsy + contralateral hemiplegia // (posterior cerebelar artery - midbrain)
pathology Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
lesion in medial longitudinal fasciculus (controls horizontal eye movement in midbrain + pons)
symptoms Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
impaired ADDuction of eye on IPSILATERAL side as lesion // horizontal nystagmus on ABDuction of CONTRALTERAL side
causes Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
MS // vascular
what is an incongrous visual defect
not exactly identical in both sides - one eye worse than the other (optic radiation)
where is the lesion in incongruous homonymous heminopia
optic tract
where is the lesion in congruous homonymous heminopia
optic radiation or optic cortex
where is the lesion in congruous homonymous heminopia with macula sparing
occipital cortex
where is the lesion in superior Homonymous quadrantanopias
inferior optic radiation temporal lobe (PITS)
where is the lesion in inferior Homonymous quadrantanopias
superior optic radiation parietal lobe (PITS)
