vision loss (gradual) Flashcards
causes of gradual vision loss
ABCDG // ARMD (dry) // blur // cataract // diabetes // glaucoma (open)
most common cause of blindness UK
age-related macular degeneration
RF ARMD
75+ // smoking // RF // IHD, hypertension, cholesterol, DM
dry ARMD symptoms + fundoscop
atropic // majority // drusen // gradual vision loss
wet ARMD + fundoscope
sudden vision loss // choroidal neovascularisation // red patches from retinal haemorrhage // drusen // worse prognoses
vision changes ARMD
CENTRAL reduced visual acuity // difficult in dark // flashing lights // distorsion of pictures // glare around images
what tests line distorsion
amsler grid (affected in ARMD)
invx ARMD
slit lamp // fluorcscein angio if wet ARMD // OCT to distinguish wet vs dry
mx ARMD
zinc + vit A, C, E // laser treatment
what usually causes blurred vision
refractive error!! // cataract // renital detachment // ARMD // glaucoma // optic neuritis // amaurosis fugax
invx blurred vision
snellen chart - visual accuity // fundoscope
what invx can test for refractive error
snellen + pinhole occlusion - corrects it
mx blurred vision
if gradual onset + refractive error –> optician // if pain or vision loss –> urgent opthalmology
what is a cataract
lens opacifies –> cloudy
causes cataracts
age // smoking, alcohol // DM // steroids // hypoCa!!
