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Leeds MBCHB Year 4 CCC > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

Crescendo TIA def

A

Two or more TIAs in a week

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2
Q

Recognition of stroke in ED tool

A

ROSIER

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3
Q

Initial management of TIA

A

Aspirin 300mg daily

Referred to specialist to be seen within 24hrs

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4
Q

Secondary prevention of stroke

A 
Clopidogrel
Atorvastatin
Carotid endarterectomy (when appropriate)
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5
Q

Who gets MS and when does it present

A

Women under 50 classically

Symptoms improve in pregnancy and postpartum

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6
Q

CNS or PNS affected in MS

A

CNS

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7
Q

Classic presentation of symptoms in MS

A

Last for weeks then improve

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8
Q

Common MS signs/ symptoms

A

Optic neuritis (LR6 lesion)
Focal weakness
Focal sensory symptoms
Ataxia

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9
Q

What is Lhermitte’s sign

A

Electric shock sensation that travels down spine when stretching DCML

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10
Q

Disease patterns in MS

A

Clinically isolated syndrome - first episode of demyelination

Relapsing remitting - episodes of disease followed by recovery

Secondary progressive - worsening now with incomplete remissions

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11
Q

How to diagnose MS

A

MRI scan

Lumbar puncture shot oligoclonal bands

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12
Q

How does optic neuritis present

A

Unilateral reduced vision developing over hours to days. Pain on movement. RAPD. Impaired colour vision. Central scotoma (enlarged blind spot)

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13
Q

MS drug to treat relapses

A

500mg methylpred 5 days

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14
Q

How does MND affect sensory neurones

A

It does not

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15
Q

Most common type of MND

A

ALS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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16
Q

Typical person to get MND

A

60M

17
Q

Typical MND presentation

A

60M with progressive weakness of muscles. Often worse in upper limbs. Clumsiness.

18
Q

Triad of Parkinsons

A

Resting tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia

19
Q

Does MND affect UMN or LMN

A

Both

20
Q

Does a PD tremor improve with rest

A

No

Worse at rest

21
Q

Does a PD tremor improve with ETOH

A

No

22
Q

Is a PD tremor symmetrical

A

No

23
Q

Main PD treatment

A

Levodopa

24
Q

What is entacapone

A

A PD drug - COMT inhibitor.

25
Q

Epilepsy definition

A

Tendency to have seizures

26
Q

First and second line treatments for tonic clonic seizure

A

1: sodium valproate
2: lamotrigine or carbamazepine

27
Q

Where do focal seizures start

A

Temporal lobe

28
Q

What do focal seizures affect

A

Hearing, speech, memory and emotions

May present as hallucinations, flashbacks, deja vu, strange things on autopilot

29
Q

First line management of local seizures

A

Carbamazepine or lamotrigine

30
Q

First line treatment for absence seizures (2)

A

Sodium valproate

Ethosuximide

Leeds MBCHB Year 4 CCC (7 decks)

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