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Advanced Principles 2 > Neuraxial Review Part 2- LA pharmacology > Flashcards

Neuraxial Review Part 2- LA pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Esters include

A

procaine
chloroprocaine
tetracaine

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2
Q

Amides include

A

lidocaine
mepivacaine
ropivacaine
bupivacaine

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3
Q

The quickest onset ester is

A

chloroprocaine

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4
Q

The quickest onset amides are

A

lidocaine

mepivacaine

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5
Q

The pKa, %ionized, protein binding, onset, and DOA of procaine is

A 
8.9
97%
6%
onset- slow
DOA: 60-90
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6
Q

The onset & DOA of chloroprocaine is

A

onset: fast
DOA: 30-60 minutes

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7
Q

The pKa, % ionized, % protein binding, onset, & DOA of tetracaine is

A 
pKa- 8.5
% ionized: 93%
94%
onset: slow
DOA: 180-600
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8
Q

The pKA, % ionized, % protein binding, onset, & DOA of lidocaine is

A 
pKa 7.9
% ionized: 76%
64%
onset: fast
DOA: 90-120
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9
Q

The onset & DOA of mepivacaine is

A

fast

DOA: 120-140

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10
Q

The onset & DOA of ropivacaine is:

A

slow

DOA: 180-600

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11
Q

The pKa, % ionized, % protein binding, onset, & DOA of bupivacaine is

A 
8.1
83%
95%
slow
DOA 180-600
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12
Q

Dexmedetomidine dosing for a spinal and epidural are

A

spinal: 5 mcg
epidural: 20-50 mcg

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13
Q

Side effects of dexmedetomidine intrathecally are

A 
profound hypotension (used in conjunction with an opioid)
prolonged block
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14
Q

Describe the dose, onset, and DOA of duramorph

A

dose: 0.1-0.25 mg with LA
onset: 60-90 minutes
DOA: 24 hours

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15
Q

Adverse effects of duramorph include

A

itching
urinary retention
delayed respiratory depression*****

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16
Q

Describe the dose, onset, & duration of fentanyl

A

dose: 12.5-25 mcg mixed with LA
onset: 5-10 minutes
duration: 2-4 hours

17
Q

The dose of epinephrine is

A

0.1-0.2 mL of 1: 1000 can bee added to prolong block

18
Q

Clonidine can be used when

A

epinephrine is contraindicated
when mixed with lidocaine or bupivacaine has synergistic effects
central action to help with tourniquet pain

Advanced Principles 2 (42 decks)

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