Neural System Flashcards
What does the forebrain do?
- Sensory processing
- process signals
- stores memories
- creates thoughts
What does the Hypothalamus do?
- controls body temperature
- controls pituitary
(Limbic system)
What does the midbrain do?
Auditory and visual processing
- Arousal,attention, sleep and regulates awareness
- filters sensory input- allows us to concentrate
What is the structure of the midbrain?
Reticular formation:
- loosely clustered neuron’s
What does the Hindbrain do?
-connects brain to spinal cord
- Co-ordinates breathing and heart rate
- organises motor reflexes
What is the pons? ( Hindbrain)
- connects brainstem to cerebral cortex
- respiration, taste and sleeping
What is the cerebellum? (Hindbrain)
- motor Co-ordination
-balance - locomotion/ movement
What is the medulla oblonogata? (Hindbrain)
- functions outside of conscious control
- respiration, blood flow/ pressure, heart rate
What is the 4 types of nervous systems?
- central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
- somatic nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system
What happens at the synapse?
Neuron’s don’t physically contact one another
-neurotransmitters released by one neuron cross synapse and stimulate next neuron
- allows electrical impulse to cross from one to the other
What happens at afferent neuron?
-Activated by external stimuli
- impulses from sensory stimuli across body towards CNS
What happens at the efferent neuron?
- nerve impulses from CNS across body
-Stimulates effector - causes movement
What happens at the Autonomic neuron?
Controls the involuntary reactions
What is the central nervous system?
-Collection of nerves and specialised cells
- brain and spinal cord
-works closely with peripheral nervous system
What is the Peripheral nervous system?
- Relays information from body to CNS visa versa
2 parts: - somatic; muscles movement, info from 5 senses
-Autonomic: involuntary bodily functions
What does the somatic nervous system do?
- receptors detect changes
- signals CNS via afferent neuron
- CNS signals effector via efferent neuron
- stimulated effector produces a response
What is the Autonomic nervous system?
- Automatic involuntary functions
-Homeostasis
Reflexes e.g. sneezing and coughing
Split into 2 systems: - Parasympathetic
- Sympathetic
What happens in a sympathetic response?
- Fight or flight response
- Heart rate and breathing increased
- non- essential functions decreased
What happens in a Parasympathetic response?
-state of response
- Allows body to rest
- “rest and digest”
What is the steps of reactions from a prey animal in response to a predator?
1.Rabbit senses danger from fox
2. This triggers the sympathetic division of the ANS
3. Fight or flight response triggered by
4. Directs blood flow to core organs e.g heart and lungs
5. Slows down non-essential functions e.g. digestion
6. Heart and respiratory rate increases
7. Heart and respiratory rate increases
8. Enables more oxygen to reach muscles
9. Run away
